Sensory experience modifies the short-term dynamics of neocortical synapses
- PMID: 10432115
- DOI: 10.1038/22553
Sensory experience modifies the short-term dynamics of neocortical synapses
Abstract
Many representations of sensory stimuli in the neocortex are arranged as topographic maps. These cortical maps are not fixed, but show experience-dependent plasticity. For instance, sensory deprivation causes the cortical area representing the deprived sensory input to shrink, and neighbouring spared representations to enlarge, in somatosensory, auditory or visual cortex. In adolescent and adult animals, changes in cortical maps are most noticeable in the supragranular layers at the junction of deprived and spared cortex. However, the cellular mechanisms of this experience-dependent plasticity are unclear. Long-term potentiation and depression have been implicated, but have not been proven to be necessary or sufficient for cortical map reorganization. Short-term synaptic dynamics have not been considered. We developed a brain slice preparation involving rat whisker barrel cortex in vitro. Here we report that sensory deprivation alters short-term synaptic dynamics in both vertical and horizontal excitatory pathways within the supragranular cortex. Moreover, modifications of horizontal pathways amplify changes in the vertical inputs. Our findings help to explain the functional cortical reorganization that follows persistent changes of sensory experience.
Similar articles
-
Long-term depression induced by sensory deprivation during cortical map plasticity in vivo.Nat Neurosci. 2003 Mar;6(3):291-9. doi: 10.1038/nn1012. Nat Neurosci. 2003. PMID: 12577061
-
Sensory deprivation without competition yields modest alterations of short-term synaptic dynamics.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Nov 7;97(23):12864-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.230175697. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000. PMID: 11058162 Free PMC article.
-
Induction of neocortical long-term depression results in smaller movement representations, fewer excitatory perforated synapses, and more inhibitory synapses.Cereb Cortex. 2007 Feb;17(2):434-42. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhj160. Epub 2006 Mar 17. Cereb Cortex. 2007. PMID: 16547346
-
Map plasticity in somatosensory cortex.Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):810-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1115807. Science. 2005. PMID: 16272113 Review.
-
Diabetes-, stress- and ageing-related changes in synaptic plasticity in hippocampus and neocortex--the same metaplastic process?Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 May 6;585(1):153-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.11.084. Epub 2008 Mar 4. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008. PMID: 18395200 Review.
Cited by
-
Developmental switch in spike timing-dependent plasticity at layers 4-2/3 in the rodent barrel cortex.J Neurosci. 2012 Oct 24;32(43):15000-11. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2506-12.2012. J Neurosci. 2012. PMID: 23100422 Free PMC article.
-
A homeostatic rule for inhibitory synapses promotes temporal sharpening and cortical reorganization.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 31;103(44):16526-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607589103. Epub 2006 Oct 18. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006. PMID: 17050684 Free PMC article.
-
Frequency-selective augmenting responses by short-term synaptic depression in cat neocortex.J Physiol. 2002 Jul 15;542(Pt 2):599-617. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.012759. J Physiol. 2002. PMID: 12122156 Free PMC article.
-
Plasticity of horizontal connections at a functional border in adult rat somatosensory cortex.Neural Plast. 2009;2009:294192. doi: 10.1155/2009/294192. Epub 2010 Mar 3. Neural Plast. 2009. PMID: 20204080 Free PMC article.
-
Spatially selective enhancement of proprioceptive acuity following motor learning.J Neurophysiol. 2011 May;105(5):2512-21. doi: 10.1152/jn.00949.2010. Epub 2011 Mar 2. J Neurophysiol. 2011. PMID: 21368000 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
