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. 2009 May 15;18(10):1879-88.
doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp108. Epub 2009 Mar 4.

Deletion of Gtl2, imprinted non-coding RNA, with its differentially methylated region induces lethal parent-origin-dependent defects in mice

Nozomi Takahashi  1 , Akira Okamoto, Ryota Kobayashi, Motomu Shirai, Yayoi Obata, Hidehiko Ogawa, Yusuke Sotomaru, Tomohiro Kono
Affiliations

Deletion of Gtl2, imprinted non-coding RNA, with its differentially methylated region induces lethal parent-origin-dependent defects in mice

Nozomi Takahashi et al. Hum Mol Genet. .

Abstract

The cluster of imprinted genes located in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain spanning 1 Mb plays an essential role in controlling pre- and postnatal growth and differentiation in mice and humans. The failure of parent-of-origin-dependent gene expression in this domain results in grave disorders, leading to death in some cases. However, little is known about the role of maternally expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including many miRNAs and snoRNAs in this domain. In order to further understand the role of these ncRNAs, we created Gtl2-mutant mice harboring a 10 kb deletion in exons 1-5. The mutant mice exhibited a very unique inheritance mode: when the deletion was inherited from the mother (Mat-KO), the pups were born with normal phenotypes; however, all of them died within 4 weeks after birth, probably due to severely hypoplastic pulmonary alveoli and hepatocellular necrosis. Mice carrying the paternal deletion (Pat-KO) showed severe growth retardation and perinatal lethality. Interestingly, the homozygous mutants (Homo-KO) survived and developed into fertile adults. Our results show that these phenotypes occur due to altered expression of the Dlk1-Dio3 cluster genes including miRNAs and snoRNAs via the cis and trans effects.

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