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. 1996 Oct 17;383(6601):586-7.
doi: 10.1038/383586a0.

Gene acquisition in HIV and SIV

P M Sharp, E Bailes, M Stevenson, M Emerman, B H Hahn

Gene acquisition in HIV and SIV

P M Sharp et al. Nature. .
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1
FIG. 1
a, Phylogenetic relationships among primate lentiviruses, derived from Pol protein sequences (adapted from refs 2, 3): there are five main lineages, whose branching order is unresolved. The diversity of HIV-1 is indicated by examples of groups M and O; diversity of HIV-2 by subtypes A and B. SIV subscripts denote species of origin: CPZ, chimpanzee; SM, sooty mangabey; MND, mandrill; SYK, Sykes’ monkey; ver, vervet; gri, grivet; sab, sabaeus; the last three are subspecies of African green monkey (AGM). The circle indicates the approximate position of the vpr/vpx gene duplication event under the old hypothesis,; the arrow indicates the vpx gene acquisition event proposed here. b, Phylogenetic relationships among vpr and vpx sequences. The tree has been rooted so as to be most congruent with the relationships among these viruses indicated by their Pol sequences (part a). The tree was derived by neighbour-joining analysis of protein sequence (PAM) distances implemented using PHYLIP; results using minimum evolution, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood methods did not differ significantly. Branches found in at least 80% of bootstrap replicates using all four methods are indicated by an asterisk (SIVSYK was excluded from the bootstrap analyses).
FIG. 2
FIG. 2
Alignment of consensus Vpr and Vpx sequences of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIVAGM. Bold asterisk, residues conserved across all four sequences; asterisk, residues conserved between HIV-2 Vpx and (at least) one other sequence. Residues highlighted in bold in the HIV-2 Vpx sequence are sites where the three other sequences are identical, and may represent adaptive changes (see text). The overlined regions were used for the phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 1b).
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