Microglia and Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_17

Review

. 2024:37:303-331.

doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_17.

Microglia and Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis

Adriano Maia Chaves Filho^{1

2}, Nayana Soares Gomes², Deniele Bezerra Lós², Isabel Bessa Leite², Marie-Ève Tremblay^{3

4

5

6

7}, Danielle S Macêdo^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
² Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
³ Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁴ Department of Molecular Medicine, Université de Laval, Québec City, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁵ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁶ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁷ Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁸ Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. danielle.macedo@ufc.br.
⁹ National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. danielle.macedo@ufc.br.

PMID: 39207699
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_17

Review

Microglia and Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis

Adriano Maia Chaves Filho et al. Adv Neurobiol. 2024.

. 2024:37:303-331.

doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_17.

Authors

Adriano Maia Chaves Filho^{1

2}, Nayana Soares Gomes², Deniele Bezerra Lós², Isabel Bessa Leite², Marie-Ève Tremblay^{3

4

5

6

7}, Danielle S Macêdo^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
² Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
³ Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁴ Department of Molecular Medicine, Université de Laval, Québec City, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁵ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁶ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁷ Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. evetremblay@uvic.ca.
⁸ Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. danielle.macedo@ufc.br.
⁹ National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. danielle.macedo@ufc.br.

PMID: 39207699
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_17

Abstract

The mammalian gut contains a community of microorganisms called gut microbiome. The gut microbiome is integrated into mammalian physiology, contributing to metabolism, production of metabolites, and promoting immunomodulatory actions. Microglia, the brain's resident innate immune cells, play an essential role in homeostatic neurogenesis, synaptic remodeling, and glial maturation. Microglial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent findings indicate that microglia are influenced by the gut microbiome and their derived metabolites throughout life. The pathways by which microbiota regulate microglia have only started to be understood, but this discovery has the potential to provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of brain disorders associated with an altered microbiome. Here, we discuss the recent literature on the role of the gut microbiome in modulating microglia during development and adulthood and summarize the key findings on this bidirectional crosstalk in selected examples of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. We also highlight some current caveats and perspectives for the field.

Keywords: Gut-derived metabolites; Gut–brain axis; Microbiome; Microglia; Neurodevelopment; Neuropsychiatric disorders.

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References

1. Agranyoni O, Meninger-Mordechay S, Uzan A, Ziv O, Salmon-Divon M, Rodin D, Raz O, Koman I, Koren O, Pinhasov A, Navon-Venezia S (2021) Gut microbiota determines the social behavior of mice and induces metabolic and inflammatory changes in their adipose tissue. Npj Biofilms and Microbiomes 7(1):Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-021-00193-9 - DOI
1. Ahn J, Hayes RB (2021) Environmental influences on the human microbiome and implications for noncommunicable disease. Annu Rev Public Health 42:277–292. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105020 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Ajami B, Bennett JL, Krieger C, Tetzlaff W, Rossi FMV (2007) Local self-renewal can sustain CNS microglia maintenance and function throughout adult life. Nat Neurosci 10(12):Article 12. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn2014 - DOI
1. Almand AT, Anderson AP, Hitt BD, Sitko JC, Joy RM, Easter BD, Almand EA (2022) The influence of perceived stress on the human microbiome. BMC Res Notes 15(1):193. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-022-06066-4 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Antony JM, Paquin A, Nutt SL, Kaplan DR, Miller FD (2011) Endogenous microglia regulate development of embryonic cortical precursor cells. J Neurosci Res 89(3):286–298. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.22533 - DOI - PubMed

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[1] Agranyoni O, Meninger-Mordechay S, Uzan A, Ziv O, Salmon-Divon M, Rodin D, Raz O, Koman I, Koren O, Pinhasov A, Navon-Venezia S (2021) Gut microbiota determines the social behavior of mice and induces metabolic and inflammatory changes in their adipose tissue. Npj Biofilms and Microbiomes 7(1):Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-021-00193-9 - DOI

[2] Agranyoni O, Meninger-Mordechay S, Uzan A, Ziv O, Salmon-Divon M, Rodin D, Raz O, Koman I, Koren O, Pinhasov A, Navon-Venezia S (2021) Gut microbiota determines the social behavior of mice and induces metabolic and inflammatory changes in their adipose tissue. Npj Biofilms and Microbiomes 7(1):Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-021-00193-9 - DOI

[3] Ahn J, Hayes RB (2021) Environmental influences on the human microbiome and implications for noncommunicable disease. Annu Rev Public Health 42:277–292. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105020 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[4] Ahn J, Hayes RB (2021) Environmental influences on the human microbiome and implications for noncommunicable disease. Annu Rev Public Health 42:277–292. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105020 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[5] Ajami B, Bennett JL, Krieger C, Tetzlaff W, Rossi FMV (2007) Local self-renewal can sustain CNS microglia maintenance and function throughout adult life. Nat Neurosci 10(12):Article 12. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn2014 - DOI

[6] Ajami B, Bennett JL, Krieger C, Tetzlaff W, Rossi FMV (2007) Local self-renewal can sustain CNS microglia maintenance and function throughout adult life. Nat Neurosci 10(12):Article 12. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn2014 - DOI

[7] Almand AT, Anderson AP, Hitt BD, Sitko JC, Joy RM, Easter BD, Almand EA (2022) The influence of perceived stress on the human microbiome. BMC Res Notes 15(1):193. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-022-06066-4 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[8] Almand AT, Anderson AP, Hitt BD, Sitko JC, Joy RM, Easter BD, Almand EA (2022) The influence of perceived stress on the human microbiome. BMC Res Notes 15(1):193. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-022-06066-4 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[9] Antony JM, Paquin A, Nutt SL, Kaplan DR, Miller FD (2011) Endogenous microglia regulate development of embryonic cortical precursor cells. J Neurosci Res 89(3):286–298. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.22533 - DOI - PubMed

[10] Antony JM, Paquin A, Nutt SL, Kaplan DR, Miller FD (2011) Endogenous microglia regulate development of embryonic cortical precursor cells. J Neurosci Res 89(3):286–298. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.22533 - DOI - PubMed

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Microglia and Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis

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Microglia and Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis

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