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Review
. 2024 Aug:87:102235.
doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2024.102235. Epub 2024 Jul 25.

A critical role for X-chromosome architecture in mammalian X-chromosome dosage compensation

Iris Dror  1 , Tiao Tan  1 , Kathrin Plath  2
Affiliations
Review

A critical role for X-chromosome architecture in mammalian X-chromosome dosage compensation

Iris Dror et al. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2024 Aug.

Abstract

To regulate gene expression, the macromolecular components of the mammalian interphase nucleus are spatially organized into a myriad of functional compartments. Over the past decade, increasingly sophisticated genomics, microscopy, and functional approaches have probed this organization in unprecedented detail. These investigations have linked chromatin-associated noncoding RNAs to specific nuclear compartments and uncovered mechanisms by which these RNAs establish such domains. In this review, we focus on the long non-coding RNA Xist and summarize new evidence demonstrating the significance of chromatin reconfiguration in creating the inactive X-chromosome compartment. Differences in chromatin compaction correlate with distinct levels of gene repression on the X-chromosome, potentially explaining how human XIST can induce chromosome-wide dampening and silencing of gene expression at different stages of human development.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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