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. 2024 May 15;14(5):527.
doi: 10.3390/jpm14050527.

Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Diabetic Wistar Rats with Periodontal Disease

Ioana Scrobota  1 , Ioan Andrei Tig  1 , Andrea Olivia Marcu  2 , Georgiana Ioana Potra Cicalau  1 , Liliana Sachelarie  3 , Gilda Iova  1
Affiliations

Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Diabetic Wistar Rats with Periodontal Disease

Ioana Scrobota et al. J Pers Med. .

Abstract

Background: The association of periodontal disease and diabetes is a subject of intense research in terms of etiopathology and treatment options. This research aimed to evaluate the modulation of the local inflammatory status by two natural extracts, curcumin (Cu) and rutin (R), in an experimentally induced diabetes and periodontal disease in Wistar rats.

Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to five groups: Control (C), Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease (DP), Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease treated with Curcumin (DPCu), Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease treated with Rutin (DPR), and Diabetes-associated Periodontal Disease treated with both Curcumin and Rutin (DPCuR). Gingival samples were collected from all rats, and immunohistochemical markers CD3, CD20, and CD34 were evaluated to assess the local inflammatory infiltrate. Descriptive statistics were applied (SPSS24 Software, Armonk, NY, USA).

Results: Rutin, alone or combined with Curcumin, reduced CD3-positive cell levels. Curcumin demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing CD20-positive cells. The combination of Curcumin and Rutin had the most important impact on both markers. Curcumin notably increased immature CD34-positive cell levels.

Conclusions: Curcumin and Rutin, either alone or together, hold potential for reducing local inflammation in diabetes-induced periodontal disease in Wistar rats.

Keywords: CD20; CD3; CD34; dentistry; diabetes; periodontal disease; periodontology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Rat, gingiva. CD3 immunolabelled type T lymphocytes are seen in the submucosa in a band like distribution (some indicated by the arrows); 100×.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Rat, gingiva. Multiple CD3 immunolabelled type T lymphocytes with a predominatly perivascular location; 200×.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean values of B and T lymphocytes in the gingival inflammatory infiltrate of all studied groups: Control-control group; DP-diabetes associated with periodontal disease group; DPCu-diabetes associated with periodontal disease treated with curcumin group; DPR-diabetes associated with periodontal disease treated with rutin group; DPCuR-diabetes associated with periodontal disease treated with curcumin and rutin group. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were depicted between CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells within each group.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Rat, gingiva. Many CD20 immunolabelled type B lymphocytes are seen in the submucosa with a multifocal to nodular distribution; 200×.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Mean values of CD34+ cells in the inflammatory infiltrate of all studied groups: Control—control group; DP—diabetes associated with periodontal disease group; DPCu—diabetes associated with periodontal disease treated with curcumin group; DPR—diabetes associated with periodontal disease treated with rutin group; DPCuR—diabetes associated with periodontal disease treated with curcumin and rutin group.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Rat, gingiva. Identification of vascular structures by CD34 immunolabelling; 100×.
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