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. 2024 May 2:15:1346903.
doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1346903. eCollection 2024.

Association analysis between Acetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 gene polymorphism and growth traits in Xiangsu pigs

Meimei Xiao  1   2   3 , Yong Ruan  1   2   3 , Jiajin Huang  1   2   3 , Lingang Dai  1   2   3 , Jiali Xu  1   2   3 , Houqiang Xu  1   2   3
Affiliations

Association analysis between Acetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 gene polymorphism and growth traits in Xiangsu pigs

Meimei Xiao et al. Front Genet. .

Abstract

Introduction: Acetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 (ACAA1) is a peroxisomal acyltransferase involved in fatty acid metabolism. Current evidence does not precisely reveal the effect of the ACAA1 gene on pig growth performance.

Methods: The present study assessed the mRNA expression levels of the ACAA1 gene in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney of 6-month-old Xiangsu pigs and in the longissimus dorsi muscle at different growth stages (newborn, 6 months and 12 months of age) using RT-qPCR. The relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACAA1 gene and growth traits in 6-month-old and 12-month-old Xiangsu pigs was investigated on 184 healthy Xiangsu pigs using Sanger sequencing.

Results: The ACAA1 gene was expressed in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and longissimus dorsi muscle of 6-month-old pigs, with the highest level of expression in the liver. ACAA1 gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle decreased with age (p < 0.01). In addition, four SNPs were identified in the ACAA1 gene, including exon g.48810 A>G (rs343060194), intron g.51546 T>C (rs319197012), exon g.55035 T>C (rs333279910), and exon g.55088 C>T (rs322138947). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05) was found for the four SNPs, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed a strong LD between g.55035 T>C (rs333279910) and g.55088 C>T (rs322138947) (r 2 = 1.000). Association analysis showed that g.48810 A>G (rs343060194), g.51546 T>C (rs319197012), g.55035 T>C (rs333279910), and g.55088 C>T (rs322138947) varied in body weight, body length, body height, abdominal circumference, leg and hip circumference and living backfat thickness between 6-month-old and 12-month-old Xiangsu pigs.

Conclusion: These findings strongly demonstrate that the ACAA1 gene can be exploited for marker-assisted selection to improve growth-related phenotypes in Xiangsu pigs and present new candidate genes for molecular pig breeding.

Keywords: ACAA1; Xiangsu pigs; fat deposition; growth traits; single-nucleotide polymorphism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Analysis of the differential expression of the ACAA1 gene in various tissues at 6 months of age. Note: Relative mRNA expression levels were calculated by 2−ΔΔCt method. “A, B, C” indicate extremely significant differences among different tissues of six-month-old Xiangsu pigs (p < 0.01); the same uppercase letters indicate no significant difference.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Analysis of the differential expression of the ACAA1 gene in dorsal longest muscle at newborn, 6 months, and 12 months of age. Note: Relative mRNA expression levels were calculated by 2−ΔΔCt method. “A, B, C” denotes extremely significant differences in dorsal longest muscle at birth, 6 months and 12 months of age (p < 0.01).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Sequencing peaks of four SNPs in the ACAA1 gene. (A) g.48810 A>G (rs343060194), (B) g.51546 T>C (rs319197012), (C) g.55035 T>C (rs333279910), (D) g.55088 C>T (rs322138947).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
r 2 and D’ values in linkage disequilibrium analysis of ACAA1 gene SNPs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Project (QKHFQ-2018,4007, (002)), and the Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Major Industrial Scientific Research Project (QKHKYZ-2019,011).