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Review
. 2024 Apr 12;9(4):230.
doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9040230.

The Role of Bioceramics for Bone Regeneration: History, Mechanisms, and Future Perspectives

Md Amit Hasan Tanvir  1 , Md Abdul Khaleque  1 , Ga-Hyun Kim  1 , Whang-Yong Yoo  1 , Young-Yul Kim  1
Affiliations
Review

The Role of Bioceramics for Bone Regeneration: History, Mechanisms, and Future Perspectives

Md Amit Hasan Tanvir et al. Biomimetics (Basel). .

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder marked by compromised bone integrity, predisposing individuals, particularly older adults and postmenopausal women, to fractures. The advent of bioceramics for bone regeneration has opened up auspicious pathways for addressing osteoporosis. Research indicates that bioceramics can help bones grow back by activating bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless/integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin pathways in the body when combined with stem cells, drugs, and other supports. Still, bioceramics have some problems, such as not being flexible enough and prone to breaking, as well as difficulties in growing stem cells and discovering suitable supports for different bone types. While there have been improvements in making bioceramics better for healing bones, it is important to keep looking for new ideas from different areas of medicine to make them even better. By conducting a thorough scrutiny of the pivotal role bioceramics play in facilitating bone regeneration, this review aspires to propel forward the rapidly burgeoning domain of scientific exploration. In the end, this appreciation will contribute to the development of novel bioceramics that enhance bone regrowth and offer patients with bone disorders alternative treatments.

Keywords: BMP; MAPK; MSCs; Wnt/β-catenin; bioceramics; bone regeneration; osteoporosis; scaffold.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic representation of the action of bioceramic scaffolds, mesenchymal stem cells, and drug delivery for bone regeneration.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The three generations of bioceramics are laid out.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diagram illustrating the traditional bioceramics’ cellular route.
Figure 4
Figure 4
There are different approaches to manufacturing porous scaffolds: (A) porogen leaching; (B) solution electrospinning; (C) gas foaming; (D) freeze-drying; (E) melt electrowetting and 3D printing.
Figure 5
Figure 5
An illustrated synopsis of EVs’ role in bone regeneration.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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