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Review
. 2024 Jul:119:111156.
doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111156. Epub 2024 Apr 2.

Unravelling the molecular interplay: SUMOylation, PML nuclear bodies and vascular cell activity in health and disease

Janine Berkholz  1 , Weronika Karle  2
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Unravelling the molecular interplay: SUMOylation, PML nuclear bodies and vascular cell activity in health and disease

Janine Berkholz et al. Cell Signal. 2024 Jul.
Free article

Abstract

In the seemingly well-researched field of vascular research, there are still many underestimated factors and molecular mechanisms. In recent years, SUMOylation has become increasingly important. SUMOylation is a post-translational modification in which small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMO) are covalently attached to target proteins. Sites where these SUMO modification processes take place in the cell nucleus are PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) - multiprotein complexes with their essential main component and organizer, the PML protein. PML and SUMO, either alone or as partners, influence a variety of cellular processes, including regulation of transcription, senescence, DNA damage response and defence against microorganisms, and are involved in innate immunity and inflammatory responses. They also play an important role in maintaining homeostasis in the vascular system and in pathological processes leading to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes information about the function of SUMO(ylation) and PML(-NBs) in the human vasculature from angiogenesis to disease and highlights their clinical potential as drug targets.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Endothelial cell; Inflammation; PML nuclear bodies; Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML); SUMO; SUMOylation; Vascular remodelling; Vascular smooth muscle cell.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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