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. 2024 Mar 19;42(8):1878-1882.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.056. Epub 2024 Feb 22.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalizations associated with influenza A(H3N2) in Hong Kong children aged 9 months to 17 years, June-November 2023

Caitriona Murphy  1 , Mike Y W Kwan  2 , Eunice L Y Chan  3 , Joshua S C Wong  2 , Sheena G Sullivan  4 , Malik Peiris  5 , Benjamin J Cowling  6 , So-Lun Lee  7
Affiliations

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalizations associated with influenza A(H3N2) in Hong Kong children aged 9 months to 17 years, June-November 2023

Caitriona Murphy et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

A test negative study was carried out from 13 June through to 15 November 2023 enrolling 3183 children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Hong Kong. Influenza A and B viruses were detected in 528 (16.6%) children, among which 419 (79.4%) were influenza A(H3N2). The overall vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization associated with any influenza virus infection was estimated as 22.4% (95% CI: -11.7%, 46.1%), and against influenza A(H3N2) specifically was 14.3% (95% CI: -29.2%, 43.2%). Despite the moderate to low VE estimated here, which could be a result of waning immunity and antigenic drift, influenza vaccination remains an important approach to reduce the impact of influenza in children.

Keywords: H3N2; Influenza; Vaccination; Vaccine effectiveness.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Ben Cowling reports financial support was provided by Health and Medical Research Fund. Ben Cowling reports financial support was provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Ben Cowling reports financial support was provided by Theme-based Research Scheme. Ben Cowling reports financial support was provided by RGC Senior Research Fellowship. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with AstraZeneca that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Fosun Pharma USA Inc that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with GSK that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Haleon plc that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Moderna Inc that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Novavax Inc that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Pfizer that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Roche that includes: consulting or advisory. Ben Cowling reports a relationship with Sanofi Pasteur that includes: consulting or advisory. Sheena G. Sullivan reports a relationship with Evo Health that includes: consulting or advisory. Sheena G Sullivan reports a relationship with Moderna that includes: consulting or advisory. Sheena G Sullivan reports a relationship with Pfizer that includes: consulting or advisory. Sheena G Sullivan reports a relationship with CSL Seqirus that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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