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Review
. 2024 Feb 6;10(2):132.
doi: 10.3390/jof10020132.

Meiotic Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Spores That Just Need Closure

Matthew Durant  1 , Xheni Mucelli  1 , Linda S Huang  1
Affiliations
Review

Meiotic Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Spores That Just Need Closure

Matthew Durant et al. J Fungi (Basel). .

Abstract

In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sporulation occurs during starvation of a diploid cell and results in the formation of four haploid spores forming within the mother cell ascus. Meiosis divides the genetic material that is encapsulated by the prospore membrane that grows to surround the haploid nuclei; this membrane will eventually become the plasma membrane of the haploid spore. Cellularization of the spores occurs when the prospore membrane closes to capture the haploid nucleus along with some cytoplasmic material from the mother cell, and thus, closure of the prospore membrane is the meiotic cytokinetic event. This cytokinetic event involves the removal of the leading-edge protein complex, a complex of proteins that localizes to the leading edge of the growing prospore membrane. The development and closure of the prospore membrane must be coordinated with other meiotic exit events such as spindle disassembly. Timing of the closure of the prospore membrane depends on the meiotic exit pathway, which utilizes Cdc15, a Hippo-like kinase, and Sps1, an STE20 family GCKIII kinase, acting in parallel to the E3 ligase Ama1-APC/C. This review describes the sporulation process and focuses on the development of the prospore membrane and the regulation of prospore membrane closure.

Keywords: budding yeast; cell cycle; cellularization; meiosis; meiotic exit; prospore membrane.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Meiosis occurs during sporulation in S. cerevisiae. Cartoon depicting sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Progression through sporulation is diagrammed from left to right. Nuclei are labelled in yellow, spindle pole bodies in black, and prospore membranes in magenta. The mannan, β-glucan, chitosan, and dityrosine layers of the spore wall are labelled pink, turquoise, dark blue, and green, respectively.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prospore membranes undergo various morphological changes during meiosis II. (A) Cartoon depicting the stages of a single growing prospore membrane during sporulation. The prospore membrane is labelled magenta, nucleus in yellow, meiotic outer plaque in black, and leading-edge protein complex (LEP) in blue. Pathways controlling closure of the prospore membrane are indicated. Details in text. (B) Prospore membrane development in wild-type SK1 cells (LH1146), which contain the genomically integrated prospore membrane marker E20 (his3::SPO2051–91-GFPENVY:HIS3 [25,26]) shown in magenta and histones (HTB2-mCherry:TRP1 [27]) shown in yellow. Scale bar = 2 microns. Fluorescent images are maximum intensity projections of 3 µm z-stacks merges taken on a Zeiss Axioskop Mot2 wide-field microscope, using a 100× objective (NA 1.45).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Meiotic exit pathway compared to mitotic exit. Sporulation-specific proteins are pink. Proteins used only in mitotic exit are blue or green. Proteins used in both are gray. Details in text.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Spindle disassembly and prospore membrane closure during exit from meiosis II. (A) Cartoon depicting the stages of a cell during anaphase, spindle disassembly, and prospore membrane closure with time progression from left to right. Prospore membranes are labelled magenta, leading-edge protein complex (LEP) blue, and spindles green. (B) Prospore membrane development was examined in SK1 cells (LH1147), which contain the genomically integrated prospore membrane marker K20 (his3::SPO2051−91-mKATE:HIS3 [103]) shown in magenta, leading-edge marker Don1 (DON1-mTagBFP2::KANMX [25]) shown in blue, and spindle marker Tub1 (alpha-tubulin; GFPENVY-TUB1+3′UTR:LEU2 [177]) shown in green. Scale bar = 2 microns. Fluorescent images are maximum intensity projections of 3 µm z-stacks merged taken on a Zeiss Axioskop Mot2 wide-field microscope, using a 100× objective (NA 1.45).
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