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. 2024 Feb 13:17:1021-1037.
doi: 10.2147/JIR.S434989. eCollection 2024.

Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma: Isolated Eye Disease or a Part of a Systemic Disorder? - Serum Proteomic Analysis

Michał Andrzej Okruszko  1 , Maciej Szabłowski  1 , Mateusz Zarzecki  1 , Magdalena Michnowska-Kobylińska  1 , Łukasz Lisowski  1 , Magda Łapińska  2 , Zofia Stachurska  2 , Anna Szpakowicz  3 , Karol Adam Kamiński  2 , Joanna Konopińska  1
Affiliations

Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma: Isolated Eye Disease or a Part of a Systemic Disorder? - Serum Proteomic Analysis

Michał Andrzej Okruszko et al. J Inflamm Res. .

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma is the most common optic neuropathy and the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, which affects 3.54% of the population aged 40-80 years. Despite numerous published studies, some aspects of glaucoma pathogenesis, serum biomarkers, and their potential link with other diseases remain unclear. Recent articles have proposed that autoimmune, oxidative stress and inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

Methods: We investigated the serum expression of 92 inflammatory and neurotrophic factors in glaucoma patients. The study group consisted of 26 glaucoma patients and 192 healthy subjects based on digital fundography.

Results: Patients with glaucoma had significantly lower serum expression of IL-2Rβ, TWEAK, CX3CL1, CD6, CD5, LAP TGF-beta1, LIF-R, TRAIL, NT-3, and CCL23 and significantly higher expression of IL-22Rα1.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that patients with glaucoma tend to have lower levels of neuroprotective proteins and higher levels of neuroinflammatory proteins, similar to those observed in psychiatric, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, indicating a potential link between these conditions and glaucoma pathogenesis.

Keywords: Olink; glaucoma; inflammation; neurodegeneration; proteomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Funduscopic image of glaucomatous optic disc in 74-year female (right eye).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Funduscopic image of glaucomatous optic disc in 72-year male (right eye).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Funduscopic image of glaucomatous optic disc in 65-year female (right eye).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funduscopic image of healthy optic disc in 61-year female (right eye).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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