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Review
. 2024 Jan 12:12:1292171.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1292171. eCollection 2024.

Oxygen generating biomaterials at the forefront of regenerative medicine: advances in bone regeneration

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Review

Oxygen generating biomaterials at the forefront of regenerative medicine: advances in bone regeneration

Jiayi Zhao et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Globally, an annual count of more than two million bone transplants is conducted, with conventional treatments, including metallic implants and bone grafts, exhibiting certain limitations. In recent years, there have been significant advancements in the field of bone regeneration. Oxygen tension regulates cellular behavior, which in turn affects tissue regeneration through metabolic programming. Biomaterials with oxygen release capabilities enhance therapeutic effectiveness and reduce tissue damage from hypoxia. However, precise control over oxygen release is a significant technical challenge, despite its potential to support cellular viability and differentiation. The matrices often used to repair large-size bone defects do not supply enough oxygen to the stem cells being used in the regeneration process. Hypoxia-induced necrosis primarily occurs in the central regions of large matrices due to inadequate provision of oxygen and nutrients by the surrounding vasculature of the host tissues. Oxygen generating biomaterials (OGBs) are becoming increasingly significant in enhancing our capacity to facilitate the bone regeneration, thereby addressing the challenges posed by hypoxia or inadequate vascularization. Herein, we discussed the key role of oxygen in bone regeneration, various oxygen source materials and their mechanism of oxygen release, the fabrication techniques employed for oxygen-releasing matrices, and novel emerging approaches for oxygen delivery that hold promise for their potential application in the field of bone regeneration.

Keywords: bone defects; bone regeneration; controlled oxygen-releasing biomaterial; regenerative therapy; tissue engineering.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
OGBs preparation methods. (A) electrospraying and electrospinning method, (B) Solvent casting and evaporation method, (C) emulsion solvent evaporation method, (D) freeze-drying method, (E) encapsulation in PDMS. Reproduced with permission from ACS 2019 (Ashammakhi et al., 2019b).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Oxygen-generating coating of the BCP scaffold accelerated the bone fracture healing in vivo. Reproduced with permission from ACS 2020 (Touri et al., 2020).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The release of oxygen by PFO-HPs permits cells to survive and maintain their differentiation potential during hypoxia, resulting in bone repair in bony defects. Reproduced with permission from ACS 2019 (Kim et al., 2019b).

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Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by Public Technology Applied Research Projects of Zhejiang Province (LGF22H060023 to WL), Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province (2022KY433 to WL, 2023KY1303 to HL), Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Projects of Zhejiang Province (2022ZB380 to JZ, 2023016295 to WM, 2023007231 to CJ), Research Fund Projects of The Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University (2021FSYYZY45 to WL), Science and Technology Project of Zhoushan (2022C31034 to CZ, 2023C31019 to HZ).

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