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Review
. 2024 Jan 5;14(1):71.
doi: 10.3390/biom14010071.

The Role of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Chronic Pain: Links to Central Sensitization and Neuroinflammation

Huan-Yu Xiong  1 , Jolien Hendrix  1   2   3 , Siobhan Schabrun  4   5 , Arne Wyns  1 , Jente Van Campenhout  1 , Jo Nijs  1   6   7 , Andrea Polli  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

The Role of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Chronic Pain: Links to Central Sensitization and Neuroinflammation

Huan-Yu Xiong et al. Biomolecules. .

Abstract

Chronic pain is sustained, in part, through the intricate process of central sensitization (CS), marked by maladaptive neuroplasticity and neuronal hyperexcitability within central pain pathways. Accumulating evidence suggests that CS is also driven by neuroinflammation in the peripheral and central nervous system. In any chronic disease, the search for perpetuating factors is crucial in identifying therapeutic targets and developing primary preventive strategies. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) emerges as a critical regulator of synaptic plasticity, serving as both a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Mounting evidence supports BDNF's pro-nociceptive role, spanning from its pain-sensitizing capacity across multiple levels of nociceptive pathways to its intricate involvement in CS and neuroinflammation. Moreover, consistently elevated BDNF levels are observed in various chronic pain disorders. To comprehensively understand the profound impact of BDNF in chronic pain, we delve into its key characteristics, focusing on its role in underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to chronic pain. Additionally, we also explore the potential utility of BDNF as an objective biomarker for chronic pain. This discussion encompasses emerging therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating BDNF expression, offering insights into addressing the intricate complexities of chronic pain.

Keywords: BDNF; BDNF polymorphisms; central sensitization; chronic pain; epigenetic modifications; neuroinflammation; neuroplasticity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The role of BDNF in central sensitization and neuroinflammation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The epigenetic regulation of BDNF expression.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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