Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Nov 23:14:1284868.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284868. eCollection 2023.

Anti-inflammatory effect of dental pulp stem cells

FenYao Li  1 , XinXin Wang  1 , Jin Shi  1 , ShuTing Wu  1 , WenBo Xing  1 , Yan He  1
Affiliations
Review

Anti-inflammatory effect of dental pulp stem cells

FenYao Li et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have received a lot of attention as a regenerative medicine tool with strong immunomodulatory capabilities. The excessive inflammatory response involves a variety of immune cells, cytokines, and has a considerable impact on tissue regeneration. The use of DPSCs for controlling inflammation for the purpose of treating inflammation-related diseases and autoimmune disorders such as supraspinal nerve inflammation, inflammation of the pulmonary airways, systemic lupus erythematosus, and diabetes mellitus is likely to be safer and more regenerative than traditional medicines. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of DPSCs is relatively complex, and it may be that they themselves or some of the substances they secrete regulate a variety of immune cells through inflammatory immune-related signaling pathways. Most of the current studies are still at the laboratory cellular level and animal model level, and it is believed that through the efforts of more researchers, DPSCs/SHED are expected to be transformed into excellent drugs for the clinical treatment of related diseases.

Keywords: anti-inflammatory; dental pulp stem cells; immune regulation; inflammation; regeneration.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
DPSCs can typically be obtained from pulp tissue of blocked wisdom teeth or orthodontic decimated teeth. Under particular circumstances, DPSCs can differentiate in vitro into dentinogenic cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, endothelial cells, neurons, etc.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The treatment of diseases of various tissues/organs by anti-inflammatory effects of DPSCs and DPSCs-EXOs and DPSCs-CM. DPSCs, dental pulp stem cells; CM, conditioned medium; EXOs, exosomes; PNI, peripheral nerve injury; SCI, Spinal cord injury; TBI, traumatic brain injury; CIR, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion; NHI, neonatal hypoxia-ischemia; HD, Huntington’s disease; AD, Alzheimer’s disease, IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; MI, myocardial infarction; ALI, acute lung injury; COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; AAI, allergic airway inflammation; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; ALF, acute liver failure; LF, liver fibrosis; SS, Sjogren’s syndrome; TMJOA, temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
DPSCs secrete soluble factors mainly including, nitric oxide (NO), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), which help to mediate immunosuppression. DPSCs stimulate regulatory T cell (Treg) function and inhibit all other cell types of the immune system, such as B and T cells, monocytes, dendritic cells. Gene transfer of an immunomodulatory or other factor may further enhance the efficacy of DPSCs therapy. DPSCs promote regeneration and healing by up-regulating anti-inflammatory immune cells and associated cytokines and down-regulating pro-inflammatory immune cells and associated cytokines to inhibit excessive inflammatory responses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Mattei V, Delle Monache S. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and tissue regeneration: mechanisms mediated by direct, paracrine, or autocrine effects. Biomedicines (2023) 11(2):386. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11020386 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Zheng Y, Lu H, Mu Q, Yi P, Lin L, Li P, et al. . Effects of sEV derived from SHED and DPSC on the proliferation, migration and osteogenesis of PDLSC. Regener Ther (2023) 24:489–98. doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.09.009 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Li Y, Zhang M, Yang C, Zou D, Zhang Z. Advances in studies on biological properties and pre-clinicalapplication of dental pulp stem cells. Stomatology (2022) 42(01):1–7. doi: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2022.01.001 - DOI
    1. Sakai K, Yamamoto A, Matsubara K, Nakamura S, Naruse M, Yamagata M, et al. . Human dental pulp-derived stem cells promote locomotor recovery after complete transection of the rat spinal cord by multiple neuro-regenerative mechanisms. J Clin Invest (2012) 122(1):80–90. doi: 10.1172/jci59251 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Altanerova U, Benejova K, Altanerova V, Tyciakova S, Rychly B, Szomolanyi P, et al. . Dental pulp mesenchymal stem/stromal cells labeled with iron sucrose release exosomes and cells applied intra-nasally migrate to intracerebral glioblastoma. Neoplasma (2016) 63(6):925–33. doi: 10.4149/neo_2016_611 - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

Substances

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Wuhan University of Science and Technology startup fund (Chu Tian Scholars Program), the open laboratory fund of Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, and the Hubei Provincial Health and Health Commission Research Project (No. WJ2023M121).