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Review
. 2023 Dec 2;23(1):428.
doi: 10.1186/s12883-023-03482-2.

Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma with facial paralysis as a novel manifestation: a case report and literature review

Chengcheng Chai #  1 , Xiaocong Feng #  2 , Kai Li #  3   4 , Zhaoxian Yan  2 , Shuyi Tan  1 , Jin Weng  2 , Fan Huang  5 , Jianpeng Huang  2 , Xinru Zhu  2 , Xuehui Zhuo  2 , Hai Chen  6
Affiliations
Review

Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma with facial paralysis as a novel manifestation: a case report and literature review

Chengcheng Chai et al. BMC Neurol. .

Abstract

Background: Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy, with only a few reported cases worldwide. Although it exhibits multiple symptoms, facial paralysis has not been previously documented as a noticeable presentation.

Case presentation: In this case, we report a 40-year-old male who presented with facial numbness and pain for one month, weakness of his facial muscles for 15 days, and recurrent right epistaxis for 1 year. He had a history of nasal inflammatory polyps with chronic sinusitis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed space-occupying lesions in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus, with bone destruction occurring in the sinus wall and turbinate. This patient then underwent endoscopic surgery. According to the histopathological and immunohistochemical results, he was eventually diagnosed with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma in April 2021. To date, this patient has not initiated any radiotherapy or chemotherapy and has survived with lymphatic metastasis for at least 3 years.

Conclusions: This manuscript suggests that paranasal sinus angiosarcoma can present with facial paralysis. Moreover, pathological and immunohistochemical tests are still vital for diagnosing paranasal sinus angiosarcoma and differential diagnosis. Additionally, regular follow-up is crucial for patients with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma, enabling monitoring of recurrence, metastasis, and recovery while contributing valuable clinical data to understanding this rare disease and associated research endeavours.

Keywords: Case report; Facial paralysis; Immunohistochemistry; Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma; Pathology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The symptom of facial paralysis in this patient
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
CT scan of the paranasal sinus (2020-01-08) (a). Enhanced CT scan of the paranasal sinus (2020-01-15) (b). The tumour occupied part of the right maxillary sinus and nasal cavity (arrow)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
CT scan of the paranasal sinus (2021-04-15) (a). Enhanced MRI Scan of the paranasal sinus (2021-04-20) (b). The mass in the right maxillary sinus had by the sinus (arrow)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Pathological result: The presence of more adipose spindle cell hyperplasia under the mucosa of the right maxillary sinus mass and the mitotic image (X200) (a). Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed angiosarcoma (X400) (b)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Immunohistochemical result: The proliferation index, expressed as a percentage of Ki-67 antigen-positive nuclei, was approximately 30% of cells. The results also suggested: P16 (+), CD31 (+), and ERG (+)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Enhanced MRI scan of the paranasal sinus (2021-08-20). The tumour had reoccupied the right maxillary sinus and the right common nasal meatus (arrow) (a). Enhanced MRI scan of the neck (2021-08-20). Lymphatic metastasis had occurred in the right neck, and the largest lymph nodes were located in the IB area of the right neck (2.8 cm × 2.0 cm) (arrow) (b). Enhanced MRI scan of the paranasal sinus and neck (2021-12-02). The space-occupying area in the right maxillary sinus had decreased in size, while the IB area of the right neck (2.3 cm × 3.9 cm) was larger than before, with multiple lymph nodes present in the bilateral neck IV region (arrow) (c)
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
The nodule grew on the right face of the patient
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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