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. 2023 Nov 15;8(11):1253-1257.
doi: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2281029. eCollection 2023.

The complete chloroplast genome of Hedychium flavum Roxb., an ornamental, edible and medicinal plant

Mei-Fei Li  1 , Tao Xiao  1 , Yong-Hong Zhang  1
Affiliations

The complete chloroplast genome of Hedychium flavum Roxb., an ornamental, edible and medicinal plant

Mei-Fei Li et al. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. .

Abstract

Hedychium flavum Roxb. 1820 is a perennial herb mainly distributed in China, India, Myanmar and Thailand with ornamental, edible and medicinal value. It is extensively cultivated as a source of aromatic essential oils, ornamental plant, food flavorings and vegetables, and folk medicine. In this study, we sequence the complete chloroplast genome of H. flavum by de novo assembly. The assembled genome has a typical quadripartite circular structure with 163,909 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC, 88,589 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC, 15,762 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (IRs, 29,779 bp). The cp genome contains 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete cp genome shows a close affinity of H. flavum and H. neocarneum with 100% bootstrap support. This study will provide useful genetic resource for further phylogenetic analysis of the genus Hedychium and Zingiberaceae.

Keywords: Hedychium flavum; Zingiberaceae; chloroplast genome; phylogenetic analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Species reference image of H. flavum with following distinguished characters: terminal spikes, imbricate bracts, yellow flowers, yellow obcordate labellum with orange at base, and long filament ca. 3 cm. (photo taken by Yong-Hong Zhang in Songming County, yunan province, China).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The chloroplast genome of H. flavum visualized by CPGView. The genome map includes six tracks. From the inward to outward, the first track depicts the dispersed repeats connected by red (forward direction) and green (reverse direction) arcs, respectively. The second track shows the tandem repeats as short blue bars. The third track shows the short tandem repeats or microsatellite sequences as short bars. The small single-copy (SSC), inverted repeat (IRa and IRb), and large single-copy (LSC) regions are shown on the fourth track. The GC content along the genome is plotted on the fifth track. The outermost track shows the genes which are color-coded based on their functional classification. The outer and inner genes are transcribed in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions, respectively. The functional classification of the genes is shown in the left bottom corner.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The maximum likelihood tree of H. flavum and its related relatives based on the complete chloroplast genomes. Bootstrap values were shown next to the nodes. The following sequences were used: Alpinia chinensis NC_050165 (Mei et al. 2020), A. katsumadae NC_048461 (Li et al. 2020), A. kwangsiensis MZ066612 (Zhang et al. 2021), Amomum compactum NC_036992 (Wu et al. 2018), A. krervanh NC_036935 (Wu et al. 2017), Boesenbergia kingii MW326451 (Liang and Chen 2021), B. rotunda NC_066450 (Liew et al. 2022), Curcuma flaviflora NC_028729 (Zhang et al. 2016), C. kwangsiensis NC_046685 (Gui et al. 2020), C. phaeocaulis NC_045242, C. wenyujin NC_045241 (Kim et al. 2021), C. yunnanensis NC_050037 (Liang et al. 2020), Globba lancangensis MT473704, G. marantina MT473705, G. multiflora MT473706, G. schomburgkii MK262735 (Li et al. 2021), H. coccineum MT473708 (Li et al. 2021), H. coronarium MW769779 (Yang et al. 2021), H. neocarneum MT473709 (Li et al. 2021), H. spicatum NC_047248 (Unpublished), H. villosum NC_060763 (Yang et al. 2021), Kaempferia elegans NC_040852, K. galanga NC_040851 (Li et al. 2019), Lanxangia tsao-ko MK926774 (Ma and Lu 2020), Musa aurantiaca NC_058957 (Feng et al. 2020), M. balbisiana NC_028439 (Niu et al. 2018), M. itinerans NC_035723 (Zhang et al. 2019), Roscoea cautleyoides NC_070285 (Unpublished), R. debilis NC_070286 (Unpublished), R. forrestii NC_070287 (Unpublished), R. humeana NC_046582 (Zhu et al. 2019), Wurfbainia longiligularis NC_044774 (Cui et al. 2019), W. neoaurantiaca NC_057208 (Li et al. 2019), W. villosa NC_044746 (Cui et al. 2019), Zingiber mioga NC_057615 (Unpublished), Z. recurvatum MT473712 (Li et al. 2021), Z. striolatum NC_065159 (Tian et al. 2023), Z. teres NC_062457 (Unpublished).
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Grants and funding

This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [31760048].

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