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Review
. 2023 Nov 15;7(4):75.
doi: 10.3390/vision7040075.

Utilization of Mirror Visual Feedback for Upper Limb Function in Poststroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hyunjoong Kim  1 , Eunsang Lee  2 , Jihye Jung  3 , Seungwon Lee  4
Affiliations
Review

Utilization of Mirror Visual Feedback for Upper Limb Function in Poststroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hyunjoong Kim et al. Vision (Basel). .

Abstract

Mirror visual feedback (MVF), a noninvasive treatment method, is attracting attention as a possibility to promote the recovery of upper limb function in stroke patients. However, the cognitive effects of this therapy have received limited attention in the existing literature. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between upper limb function and cognition in stroke patients and to evaluate the effect of MVF on improving upper limb function. A comprehensive search was performed on the Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases to identify original articles and clinical studies published between 2013 and 2022. Qualitative analysis was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and in the quantitative analysis, a random-effects model was used as the effect model, and standard mean difference (SMD) was used as the effect measure. Eight studies that met the inclusion criteria were entered in the analysis. Data extraction included an assessment tool for upper extremity function. Results of the quantitative analysis demonstrate that MVF was effective in improving upper extremity function in stroke patients (SMD = 0.94, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.20). In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the effectiveness of MVF in improving upper limb function in stroke patients. However, further studies are needed to investigate the cognitive effects of MVF and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Keywords: cognitive function; mild cognitive impairment; rehabilitation; virtual reality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot studying the effect of mirror visual feedback on upper limb function. Choi et al., 2019(a) [25]: gesture recognition mirror therapy; Choi et al., 2019(b) [25]: mirror therapy. (Refs. are cited [12,24,25,26,27,28,29,30] in figure).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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This study received no external funding.

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