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. 2023 Oct 5;14(10):1907.
doi: 10.3390/genes14101907.

Analysis of Epidemiological Factors and SNP rs3804100 of TLR2 for COVID-19 in a Cohort of Professionals Who Worked in the First Pandemic Wave in Belém-PA, Brazil

Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva  1 , Caroliny Soares Silva  2 , Rebecca Lobato Marinho  3 , Jeanne Gonçalves Cabral  3 , Ellen Polyana da Costa Gurrão  3 , Pabllo Antonny Silva Dos Santos  2 , Samir Mansour Moraes Casseb  3 , Karla Valéria Batista Lima  3 , Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima  3
Affiliations

Analysis of Epidemiological Factors and SNP rs3804100 of TLR2 for COVID-19 in a Cohort of Professionals Who Worked in the First Pandemic Wave in Belém-PA, Brazil

Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by coronavirus 2 of the severe acute syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes, such as TLR2, responsible for an effective human immune response, can change the course of infection. The objective of this article was to verify associations between epidemiological factors and TLR2 SNP rs3804100 (Thymine [T] > Cytosine [C]) in professionals from Health Institutions (HI) who worked during the first pandemic wave and COVID-19. A case-control study was conducted with Belém-PA HI workers (Northern Brazil), divided into symptomatology groups (Asymptomatic-AS; n = 91; and Symptomatic-SI; n = 123); and severity groups classified by Chest Computerized Tomography data (symptomatic with pulmonary involvement-SCP; n = 35; symptomatic without pulmonary involvement-SSP; n = 8). Genotyping was performed by Sanger sequencing, and Statistical Analysis was conducted through the SPSS program. Bioinformatics servers predicted the biological functions of the TLR2 SNP. There were associations between the presence of comorbidities and poor prognosis of COVID-19 (especially between symptomatology and severity of COVID-19 and overweight and obesity) and between the sickness in family members and kinship (related to blood relatives). The homozygous recessive (C/C) genotype was not found, and the frequency of the mutant allele (C) was less than 10% in the cohort. No significant associations were found for this SNP in this cohort. The presence of SNP was indicated to be benign and causes a decrease in the stability of the TLR2 protein. These data can help the scientific community and medicine find new forms of COVID-19 containment.

Keywords: COVID-19; TLR2; epidemiology; single nucleotide polymorphism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sample Processing and Classification Flowchart.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graphic representation in bars of the absolute and relative number of pre-existing comorbidities in relation to the gravity between the groups of AS and SCP individuals in the cohort.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Genotypic distribution of the rs3804100 polymorphism in the sampling.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Allelic distribution of the rs3804100 polymorphism in the sampling. Source: Prepared by authors in Microsoft Office Excel 365 (2023).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Three-dimensional model of the human TLR2 protein with colored marking in the amino acid change region (Ser450Arg) in its structure due to the presence of the SNP rs3804100. Source: Generated by the PolyPhen-2 server through the Protein Data Bank (PDB)/DSSP Database with UniProt Database Entry O60603 (Human TLR2) and Entry ID 6NIG.
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Grants and funding

Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva was funded by Bolsa CAPES—Finance Code 88887.888066/2023-00, and the APC was funded by the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC).