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Review
. 2023 Dec:203:115120.
doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115120. Epub 2023 Oct 25.

Thou shall not heal: Overcoming the non-healing behaviour of diabetic foot ulcers by engineering the inflammatory microenvironment

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Free article
Review

Thou shall not heal: Overcoming the non-healing behaviour of diabetic foot ulcers by engineering the inflammatory microenvironment

Michael G Monaghan et al. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023 Dec.
Free article

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a devastating complication for diabetic patients that have debilitating effects and can ultimately lead to limb amputation. Healthy wounds progress through the phases of healing leading to tissue regeneration and restoration of the barrier function of the skin. In contrast, in diabetic patients dysregulation of these phases leads to chronic, non-healing wounds. In particular, unresolved inflammation in the DFU microenvironment has been identified as a key facet of chronic wounds in hyperglyceamic patients, as DFUs fail to progress beyond the inflammatory phase and towards resolution. Thus, control over and modulation of the inflammatory response is a promising therapeutic avenue for DFU treatment. This review discusses the current state-of-the art regarding control of the inflammatory response in the DFU microenvironment, with a specific focus on the development of biomaterials-based delivery strategies and their cargos to direct tissue regeneration in the DFU microenvironment.

Keywords: Chronic wounds; Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU); Dressings; Drug delivery; Immunometabolism; Wound management.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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