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Review
. 2023 Sep 27:11:1267128.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1267128. eCollection 2023.

Overview of strategies to improve the antibacterial property of dental implants

Shaobo Zhai  1 , Ye Tian  1 , Xiaolu Shi  1 , Yang Liu  1 , Jiaqian You  1 , Zheng Yang  1 , Yuchuan Wu  1 , Shunli Chu  1
Affiliations
Review

Overview of strategies to improve the antibacterial property of dental implants

Shaobo Zhai et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

The increasing number of peri-implant diseases and the unsatisfactory results of conventional treatment are causing great concern to patients and medical staff. The effective removal of plaque which is one of the key causes of peri-implant disease from the surface of implants has become one of the main problems to be solved urgently in the field of peri-implant disease prevention and treatment. In recent years, with the advancement of materials science and pharmacology, a lot of research has been conducted to enhance the implant antimicrobial properties, including the addition of antimicrobial coatings on the implant surface, the adjustment of implant surface topography, and the development of new implant materials, and significant progress has been made in various aspects. Antimicrobial materials have shown promising applications in the prevention of peri-implant diseases, but meanwhile, there are some shortcomings, which leads to the lack of clinical widespread use of antimicrobial materials. This paper summarizes the research on antimicrobial materials applied to implants in recent years and presents an outlook on the future development.

Keywords: antibacterial property; coatings; dental implant; surface modification; surface topography.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
(A) Schematic presentation of biofilm formation process and bacteria secreting lipopolysaccharides and enzymes that act on osteoblasts and immune cells to cause them to secrete inflammatory factors that promote osteoclast formation, leading to bone resorption. (B) Schematic presentation of the various factors affecting bacterial adhesion. Reproduced with permission from (Ma et al., 2022). Copyright (2022) Frontiers Media.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Schematic presentation of the bactericidal mechanism of Cu ion, Ag ion and Zn ion.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
(A) Trigger responsive coatings respond to changes in the local microenvironment or biomolecule concentration caused by bacterial infection to initiate the release of the cargo. (B) PTT uses photothermal agents to convert light energy into heat, and PDT uses photosensitizers to trigger photochemical reactions such as the production of ROS to exert antimicrobial effects.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
SEM images (left) and fluorescent microscopic images (right) of bacterial attachment on micron- and nano-scale topographies and the small images show cell attachment on flat control surfaces. (A) Hexagonal PDMS pits; (B) Hexagonal PDMS pillars; (C) Micropillars; (D) Sharklet™; (E) Parabolic nanostructures; (F) Nanopillars; (G) Cicada wings; (H) Gecko skins. Green represents live cells (A–C, E–H) and red represents dead cells (E–H). The red color shows the live cells (D). Reproduced with permission from (Lee et al., 2021). Copyright (2020) Elsevier.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Financial support from the Scientific Research Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Education, China (JJKH20231291KJ), and the Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province supports the project, China (20230203065SF).

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