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Review
. 2023 Sep 7:14:1255611.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1255611. eCollection 2023.

Immunotherapy: a promising approach for glioma treatment

Feroza Yasinjan  1 , Yang Xing  1   2 , Huayue Geng  1 , Rui Guo  3 , Lei Yang  1 , Ziling Liu  1 , Hong Wang  1
Affiliations
Review

Immunotherapy: a promising approach for glioma treatment

Feroza Yasinjan et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors worldwide, with glioblastoma (GBM) being the most common and aggressive type. Despite two decades of relentless pursuit in exploring novel therapeutic approaches for GBM, there is limited progress in improving patients' survival outcomes. Numerous obstacles impede the effective treatment of GBM, including the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), the blood-brain barrier, and extensive heterogeneity. Despite these challenges, immunotherapies are emerging as a promising avenue that may offer new hope for the treatment of gliomas. There are four main types of immunotherapies for gliomas, immune checkpoint blockades, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. In addition, gene therapy, bispecific antibody therapy, and combine therapy are also briefly introduced in this review. The significant role of TME in the process of immunotherapies has been emphasized in many studies. Although immunotherapy is a promising treatment for gliomas, enormous effort is required to overcome the existing barriers to its success. Owing to the rapid development and increasing attention paid to immunotherapies for gliomas, this article aims to review the recent advances in immunotherapies for gliomas.

Keywords: ICB; car-t; glioma; immunotherapy; oncolytic viruses; tumor microenvironment; vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The illustration of four main immunotherapies and TME in gliomas.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China grants (81500116) to HW, Jilin Science and Technique development grants (20200201472JC) to HW, Jilin Science and Technique development grants (YDZJ202301ZYTS092) to RG, National College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship training program (202210183300) to YX, and College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship training program of Jilin University (X202210183572) to FY.

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