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. 2023 Oct;75(5):445-454.
doi: 10.1007/s00251-023-01316-6. Epub 2023 Aug 17.

Correlation between human leukocyte antigen ligands and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors in aplastic anemia patients from Shaanxi Han

Tianju Wang  1 , Jun Qi  2 , Manni Wang  1 , Hua Xu  1 , Junhua Wu  1 , Lixia Shang  1 , Le Chen  1 , Yuhui Li  1
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Correlation between human leukocyte antigen ligands and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors in aplastic anemia patients from Shaanxi Han

Tianju Wang et al. Immunogenetics. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Regulating natural killer (NK) cell responses in hematological malignancies largely depend on molecular interactions between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands. The goal of the current study was to examine the key functions of KIR genes, gene combinations of KIR-HLA, and KIR genotypes in genetic predisposition to aplastic anemia (AA). Herein, the genotyping of 16 KIR genes and HLA-A, -B, and -C ligands were performed in 72 AA patients and 150 healthy controls using PCR evaluations with sequence-specific primers using standard assays. According to the obtained results, AA patients had an increased incidence of activating KIR and KIR2DS4 (P = 0.465 × 10-4, Pc = 0.837 × 10-3, OR = 20.81, 95% CI = 2.786-155.5) compared to controls. KIR/HLA class I ligand profile KIR2DS4/C1 (P = 0.350 × 10-4, Pc = 0.630 × 10-3, OR = 8.944, 95% CI = 2.667-29.993) was significantly elevated in AA patients compared to healthy controls. Genotype AA1 (P = 0.003, OR = 2.351, 95% CI = 1.325-4.172) were increased, and AA195 (P = 0.006, OR = 0.060, 95% CI = 0.004-1.023) was decreased among AA cases compared to controls. Our findings indicated that KIR2DS4 may play a role in the pathogenesis of AA. This study revealed the contribution of KIR genes in the etiology of AA cases.

Keywords: Aplastic anemia (AA); Gene polymorphism; HLA; KIR genes.

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