Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Jul 18;15(14):3655.
doi: 10.3390/cancers15143655.

Immunobiology and Cytokine Modulation of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Microenvironment: A Scoping Review

Shreya Budhiraja  1   2   3 , Hinda Najem  2   3 , Shashwat Tripathi  2   3 , Nitin R Wadhawani  4 , Craig Horbinski  2   3 , Matthew McCord  3   5 , Alicia C Lenzen  6 , Amy B Heimberger  2   3 , Michael DeCuypere  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Immunobiology and Cytokine Modulation of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Microenvironment: A Scoping Review

Shreya Budhiraja et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Utilizing a Scoping Review strategy in the domain of immune biology to identify immune therapeutic targets, knowledge gaps for implementing immune therapeutic strategies for pediatric brain tumors was assessed. The analysis demonstrated limited efforts to date to characterize and understand the immunological aspects of tumor biology with an over-reliance on observations from the adult glioma population. Foundational knowledge regarding the frequency and ubiquity of immune therapeutic targets is an area of unmet need along with the development of immune-competent pediatric tumor models to test therapeutics and especially combinatorial treatment. Opportunities arise in the evolution of pediatric tumor classification from histological to molecular with targeted immune therapeutics.

Keywords: immunotherapy; microenvironment; pediatric brain tumor; therapeutic strategies.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) PRISMA flow chart and (B) literature characteristics.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Immunoediting as a framework for pediatric brain tumor immunobiology.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumor Immunology.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Curtin S.C., Warner M., Hedegaard H. Increase in Suicide in the United States, 1999–2014. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics; Hyattsville, MD, USA: 2016.
    1. Turner C.D., Rey-Casserly C., Liptak C.C., Chordas C. Late effects of therapy for pediatric brain tumor survivors. J. Child Neurol. 2009;24:1455–1463. doi: 10.1177/0883073809341709. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Foster J.B., Madsen P.J., Hegde M., Ahmed N., Cole K.A., Maris J.M., Resnick A.C., Storm P.B., Waanders A.J. Immunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors: Past and present. Neuro-Oncology. 2019;21:1226–1238. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noz077. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sayour E.J., Mitchell D.A. Immunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors. Brain Sci. 2017;7:137. doi: 10.3390/brainsci7100137. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wang S.S., Bandopadhayay P., Jenkins M.R. Towards immunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors. Trends Immunol. 2019;40:748–761. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2019.05.009. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources