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Review
. 2023 Apr 17;14(4):865.
doi: 10.3390/mi14040865.

A Brief Review on Cerium Oxide (CeO2NPs)-Based Scaffolds: Recent Advances in Wound Healing Applications

Ishita Allu  1 , Ajay Kumar Sahi  2 , Pooja Kumari  3 , Karunya Sakhile  4 , Alina Sionkowska  2   5 , Shravanya Gundu  1
Affiliations
Review

A Brief Review on Cerium Oxide (CeO2NPs)-Based Scaffolds: Recent Advances in Wound Healing Applications

Ishita Allu et al. Micromachines (Basel). .

Abstract

The process of wound healing is complex and involves the interaction of multiple cells, each with a distinct role in the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Chronic, nonhealing wounds may result from reduced fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and cellular immunity, often associated with diabetes, hypertension, vascular deficits, immunological inadequacies, and chronic renal disease. Various strategies and methodologies have been explored to develop nanomaterials for wound-healing treatment. Several nanoparticles such as gold, silver, cerium oxide and zinc possess antibacterial properties, stability, and a high surface area that promotes efficient wound healing. In this review article, we investigate the effectiveness of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) in wound healing-particularly the effects of reducing inflammation, enhancing hemostasis and proliferation, and scavenging reactive oxygen species. The mechanism enables CeO2NPs to reduce inflammation, modulate the immunological system, and promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. In addition, we investigate the efficacy of cerium oxide-based scaffolds in various wound-healing applications for creating a favorable wound-healing environment. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative characteristics, enabling them to be ideal wound healing material. Investigations have shown that CeO2NPs can stimulate wound closure, tissue regeneration, and scar reduction. CeO2NPs may also reduce bacterial infections and boost wound-site immunity. However, additional study is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of CeO2NPs in wound healing and their long-term impacts on human health and the environment. The review reveals that CeO2NPs have promising wound-healing properties, but further study is needed to understand their mechanisms of action and ensure their safety and efficacy.

Keywords: cerium oxide; scaffolds; skin; wound healing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The progression of wound healing through various phases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Adverse reaction of increased oxidative stress on the cells [7].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pro-oxidant and antioxidant behavior of CeO2NPs with varying pH. Adapted from MDPI open access [28].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Implication of CeO2NPs in anticancer and cell recovery mechanisms. Adapted from MDPI open access [38].
Figure 5
Figure 5
PHBV membrane with CeO2NPs for diabetic wound healing in vivo [34].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Fabrication of a gelatin hydrogel composite with cerium oxide nanoparticles (G-CeO2NPs) and crosslinking between the two using genipin [63].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Fabrication of trilayer PLA/PVA/PLA nanofibers with CeO2NPs [72].
Figure 8
Figure 8
Wound healing via ROS scavenging using CeO2NPs loaded PCL-gelatin nanofibers [57].
Figure 9
Figure 9
Synthesis of curcumin and CeO2NP-integrated Dextran-based amphiphilic nano-hybrid hydrogel system [64].
Figure 10
Figure 10
Representing TEM images of CeO2NPs–Bioglass nanocomposites i.e. (A) shows TEM images of 0 CeO2NP-BG, (B) 2 CeO2NP-BG and (C) 5 CeO2NP-BG. Adapted from MDPI open access [78].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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