Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 May 28;11(6):1034.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines11061034.

Safety and Protective Effects of Influenza Vaccination in Pregnant Women on Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Pune, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hanif Shaikh  1   2 , Pranesha Koli  3 , Vaishali Undale  3 , Anil Pardeshi  4 , Mahesh Asalkar  5 , Sushant Sahastrabuddhe  2 , Anand Kawade  6 , Chandrashekhar Upasani  1
Affiliations

Safety and Protective Effects of Influenza Vaccination in Pregnant Women on Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Pune, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hanif Shaikh et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Maternal influenza vaccination provides effective protection against influenza infections in pregnant women and their newborns. In India, the influenza vaccine has not yet been offered through immunization programs, owing to the lack of sufficient safety data for pregnant Indian women.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study enrolled 558 women admitted to the obstetrics ward of a civic hospital in Pune. Study-related information was obtained from the participants through hospital records and interviews using structured questionnaires. Univariate and multivariable analysis was used, and the chi-square test with adjusted odds ratio was estimated to account for vaccine exposure and the temporal nature of each outcome, respectively.

Results: Women not vaccinated against influenza during pregnancy had a higher risk of delivering very LBW infants, and possible protective effects were suggested (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.03 to 5.58, p = 0.03). No association was observed between maternal influenza vaccination for Caesarean section (LSCS) (AOR 0.97, 95% CI, 0.78, 1.85), stillbirth (AOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.18, 24.64) and NICU admission (AOR, 0.87, 0.29 to 2.85), and congenital anomaly (AOR, 0.81, 0.10 to 3.87).

Interpretation: These results show that the influenza vaccine administered during pregnancy is safe and might lower the risk of negative birth outcomes.

Keywords: influenza vaccination; maternal immunization; pregnancy outcome; pregnant women.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the study design, collection, analyses, interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript, or decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram for subject disposition.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Vaccination based on gestational age in weeks of participants (n = 265); (b) gestational weeks of participants (n = 558).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Madhi S.A., Cutland C.L., Kuwanda L., Weinberg A., Hugo A., Jones S., Adrian P.V., van Niekerk N., Treurnicht F., Ortiz J.R., et al. Influenza Vaccination of Pregnant Women and Protection of Their Infants. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014;371:918–931. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1401480. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bratton K.N., Wardle M.T., Orenstein W.A., Omer S.B. Maternal Influenza Immunization and Birth Outcomes of Stillbirth and Spontaneous Abortion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2014;60:e11–e19. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu915. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zaman K., Roy E., Arifeen S.E., Rahman M., Raqib R., Wilson E., Omer S.B., Shahid N.S., Breiman R.F., Steinhoff M.C. Effectiveness of Maternal Influenza Immunization in Mothers and Infants. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008;359:1555–1564. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0708630. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Broor S., Krishnan A., Roy D.S., Dhakad S., Kaushik S., Mir M.A., Singh Y., Moen A., Chadha M., Mishra A.C., et al. Dynamic Patterns of Circulating Seasonal and Pandemic A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza Viruses From 2007–2010 in and around Delhi, India. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e29129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029129. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chadha M., Prabhakaran A.O., Choudhary M.L., Biswas D., Koul P., Kaveri K., Dar L., Mamta C.S., Jadhav S., Bhardwaj S.D., et al. Multisite surveillance for influenza and other respiratory viruses in India: 2016–2018. PLoS Glob. Public Health. 2022;2:e0001001. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001001. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.

LinkOut - more resources