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Review
. 2022 Oct 10;29(5):365-376.
doi: 10.32604/or.2022.025897. eCollection 2021.

Improvement method for cervical cancer detection: A comparative analysis

Nur Ain Alias  1 , Wan Azani Mustafa  1   2 , Mohd Aminudin Jamlos  3 , Ahmed Alkhayyat  4 , Khairul Shakir Ab Rahman  5 , Rami Q Malik  6
Affiliations
Review

Improvement method for cervical cancer detection: A comparative analysis

Nur Ain Alias et al. Oncol Res. .

Abstract

Cervical cancer is a prevalent and deadly cancer that affects women all over the world. It affects about 0.5 million women anually and results in over 0.3 million fatalities. Diagnosis of this cancer was previously done manually, which could result in false positives or negatives. The researchers are still contemplating how to detect cervical cancer automatically and how to evaluate Pap smear images. Hence, this paper has reviewed several detection methods from the previous researches that has been done before. This paper reviews pre-processing, detection method framework for nucleus detection, and analysis performance of the method selected. There are four methods based on a reviewed technique from previous studies that have been running through the experimental procedure using Matlab, and the dataset used is established Herlev Dataset. The results show that the highest performance assessment metric values obtain from Method 1: Thresholding and Trace region boundaries in a binary image with the values of precision 1.0, sensitivity 98.77%, specificity 98.76%, accuracy 98.77% and PSNR 25.74% for a single type of cell. Meanwhile, the average values of precision were 0.99, sensitivity 90.71%, specificity 96.55%, accuracy 92.91% and PSNR 16.22%. The experimental results are then compared to the existing methods from previous studies. They show that the improvement method is able to detect the nucleus of the cell with higher performance assessment values. On the other hand, the majority of current approaches can be used with either a single or a large number of cervical cancer smear images. This study might persuade other researchers to recognize the value of some of the existing detection techniques and offer a strong approach for developing and implementing new solutions.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; detection; images; pap smear.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to report regarding the present study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The overall structure of the Comparison detector proposed for feature extraction, an RPN for generating proposals and a head for the proposed classification and bounding box regression [36].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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