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Review
. 2023 Aug 10:6:275-298.
doi: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-122220-111429. Epub 2023 May 9.

Virus-Derived Small RNAs and microRNAs in Health and Disease

Vasileios Gouzouasis  1   2   3   4 , Spyros Tastsoglou  3   4 , Antonis Giannakakis  1   5 , Artemis G Hatzigeorgiou  3   4
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Virus-Derived Small RNAs and microRNAs in Health and Disease

Vasileios Gouzouasis et al. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci. .
Free article

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that can regulate all steps of gene expression (induction, transcription, and translation). Several virus families, primarily double-stranded DNA viruses, encode small RNAs (sRNAs), including miRNAs. These virus-derived miRNAs (v-miRNAs) help the virus evade the host's innate and adaptive immune system and maintain an environment of chronic latent infection. In this review, the functions of the sRNA-mediated virus-host interactions are highlighted, delineating their implication in chronic stress, inflammation, immunopathology, and disease. We provide insights into the latest viral RNA-based research-in silico approaches for functional characterization of v-miRNAs and other RNA types. The latest research can assist toward the identification of therapeutic targets to combat viral infections.

Keywords: Epstein–Barr virus; bioinformatics; small RNAs; v-miRNAs; viral RNA bioinformatics resources; virally encoded microRNAs.

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