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Review
. 2023 Apr 10;15(4):937.
doi: 10.3390/v15040937.

Recent Advances in Research and Management of Human Monkeypox Virus: An Emerging Global Health Threat

Parveen Kumar  1 , Benu Chaudhary  2 , Nishant Yadav  3   4 , Sushma Devi  4 , Ashutosh Pareek  5 , Sujatha Alla  6   7 , Fnu Kajal  8 , Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia  9 , Vijay Kumar Chattu  9   10   11 , Madan Mohan Gupta  12
Affiliations
Review

Recent Advances in Research and Management of Human Monkeypox Virus: An Emerging Global Health Threat

Parveen Kumar et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

In 2003, the United States saw an epidemic of monkeypox that was later traced back to rodents of West Africa infected with the monkeypox virus (MPXV). Disease in the United States seemed less severe than the smallpox-like disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In this study, researchers analyzed data from Central Africa: two distinct MPXV clades were confirmed by sequencing the genomes of MPXV isolates from Western Africa, the United States, and Central Africa. By comparing open reading frames across MPXV clades, scientists can infer which virus proteins might account for the observed variation in pathogenicity in humans. Monkeypox can be prevented and controlled with a better understanding of MPXV's molecular etiology and epidemiological and clinical features. In light of the current outbreaks worldwide, we provide updated information on monkeypox for medical professionals in this review.

Keywords: Africa; DNA; antivirals; epidemic; immunization; monkeypox virus; poxviridae; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Viral envelope structure, including extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) and mature intracellular virions (IMVs) [25].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Replication and transmission of monkeypox virus.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A simplified flowchart illustrating the steps taken to create an effective vaccination for monkeypox using epitopes [66].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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