Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Apr 15;28(8):3486.
doi: 10.3390/molecules28083486.

Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Silica-Polycaprolactone-Chlorogenic Acid Hybrids by Sol-Gel Route

Michelina Catauro  1 , Antonio D'Angelo  1   2 , Veronica Viola  1 , Giovanna Cimmino  2 , Severina Pacifico  2
Affiliations

Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Silica-Polycaprolactone-Chlorogenic Acid Hybrids by Sol-Gel Route

Michelina Catauro et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials were synthesized by a sol-gel route, using silicon alkoxide together with low molecular weight polycaprolactone and caffetannic acid. The synthesized hybrids were characterized by scanning Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and their surface morphology was acquired by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The hybrids were investigated for their antiradical capacity using the DPPH and ABTS tests, while the Kirby-Bauer test was used to evaluate their effects on the growth of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Furthermore, a biologically active hydroxyapatite layer has been observed to form on the surface of intelligently synthesized materials. The MTT direct test showed that the hybrid materials are biocompatible with NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells, while they were cytotoxic towards colon, prostate, and brain tumor cell lines. These results shed new light on the suitability of the synthesized hybrids in the medical field, thus affording knowledge on the features of the bioactive silica-polycaprolactone-chlorogenic acid hybrids.

Keywords: FTIR spectroscopy; bioactivity; biocompatibility; chlorogenic acid; sol–gel.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative FTIR spectra of (a) CGA (C); (b) pure SiO2 (S); (c) SC15; (d) pure PCL (P); (e) SC15P24. The number indicates the wt% of CGA and/or PCL in hybrids.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FTIR spectra of (aI) SC5P6; (aII) SC5P12; (aIII) SC5P24; (bI) SC10P6; (bII) SC10P12; (bIII) SC10P24; (cI) SC15P6; (cII) SC15P12; (cIII) SC15P24.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FTIR spectra of (aI) SC5P6; (aII) SC5P12; (aIII) SC5P24; (bI) SC10P6; (bII) SC10P12; (bIII) SC10P24; (cI) SC15P6; (cII) SC15P12; (cIII) SC15P24.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) FTIR spectra of (i) SiO2; (ii) SC10P6; (iii) SC10P12; (iv) SC10P24; (B) representative SEM micrographs of (i) SC10, (ii) SC10P12, and (iii) SC10P12, after the three-week soaking in SBF. (C) EDS spectrum of the SC10P12 hybrid following the three-week exposure to SBF.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Radical Scavenging Capacity (RSC, %) of hybrids directly exposed to DPPH● (A) and ABTS●+ (B) at 1.00 mg dose (●) and 2.00 mg dose (●). Values are the mean ± SD of measurements carried out on three samples analyzed three times.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A) Representative images of detected zone of inhibition around bacterial colonies of (●) Escherichia coli, and (●) Enterococcus faecalis. Inhibition halo (mm) of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis with SCP hybrids at chlorogenic acid percentage equal to 5wt% (B), 10 wt% (C), and 15 wt% (D). Values are calculated as mean ± SD of three independent measurements.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Cell Viability (CV%) of NIH-3T3, Caco-2, DU-145, and SH-SY5Y cell lines after 48 h exposure time with SCP hybrids (A–C) and SP hybrids (D). Values are reported as mean ± SD of three independent measurements carried out on three samples of each synthetized material at 1 mg dose.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Flowchart of Sol–Gel Synthesis of SCxPy hybrids (●). (●) refers to CGA; (●) refers to PCL.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Wei J., Wang G., Chen F., Bai M., Liang Y., Wang H., Zhao D., Zhao Y. Sol-Gel Synthesis of Metal-Phenolic Coordination Spheres and Their Derived Carbon Composites. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018;57:9838–9843. doi: 10.1002/anie.201805781. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Catauro M., Tranquillo E., Salzillo A., Capasso L., Illiano M., Sapio L., Naviglio S. Silica/Polyethylene Glycol Hybrid Materials Prepared by a Sol-Gel Method and Containing Chlorogenic Acid. Molecules. 2018;23:2447. doi: 10.3390/molecules23102447. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wang Y., Kao Z., Zhang T., Zhang Y., Qin L., Zhang Z., Zhou B., Wu G., Shen J., Du A. Diffusion of Resveratrol in Silica Alcogels. Molecules. 2019;24:3931. doi: 10.3390/molecules24213931. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Owens G.J., Singh R.K., Foroutan F., Alqaysi M., Han C.-M., Mahapatra C., Kim H.-W., Knowles J.C. Sol–Gel Based Materials for Biomedical Applications. Prog. Mater. Sci. 2016;77:1–79. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.12.001. - DOI
    1. Catauro M., Ciprioti S.V. Characterization of Hybrid Materials Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for Biomedical Implementations. A Critical Review. Materials. 2021;14:1788. doi: 10.3390/ma14071788. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

This work received no external funding.

LinkOut - more resources