Cryopreservation of Cell Sheets for Regenerative Therapy: Application of Vitrified Hydrogel Membranes

doi:10.3390/gels9040321

Review

. 2023 Apr 10;9(4):321.

doi: 10.3390/gels9040321.

Cryopreservation of Cell Sheets for Regenerative Therapy: Application of Vitrified Hydrogel Membranes

Yoshitaka Miyamoto^{1

2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
² Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
³ Graduate School of BASE, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.

PMID: 37102933
PMCID: PMC10137452
DOI: 10.3390/gels9040321

Review

Cryopreservation of Cell Sheets for Regenerative Therapy: Application of Vitrified Hydrogel Membranes

Yoshitaka Miyamoto. Gels. 2023.

. 2023 Apr 10;9(4):321.

doi: 10.3390/gels9040321.

Author

Yoshitaka Miyamoto^{1

2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
² Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
³ Graduate School of BASE, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.

PMID: 37102933
PMCID: PMC10137452
DOI: 10.3390/gels9040321

Abstract

Organ transplantation is the first and most effective treatment for missing or damaged tissues or organs. However, there is a need to establish an alternative treatment method for organ transplantation due to the shortage of donors and viral infections. Rheinwald and Green et al. established epidermal cell culture technology and successfully transplanted human-cultured skin into severely diseased patients. Eventually, artificial cell sheets of cultured skin were created, targeting various tissues and organs, including epithelial sheets, chondrocyte sheets, and myoblast cell sheets. These sheets have been successfully used for clinical applications. Extracellular matrix hydrogels (collagen, elastin, fibronectin, and laminin), thermoresponsive polymers, and vitrified hydrogel membranes have been used as scaffold materials to prepare cell sheets. Collagen is a major structural component of basement membranes and tissue scaffold proteins. Collagen hydrogel membranes (collagen vitrigel), created from collagen hydrogels through a vitrification process, are composed of high-density collagen fibers and are expected to be used as carriers for transplantation. In this review, the essential technologies for cell sheet implantation are described, including cell sheets, vitrified hydrogel membranes, and their cryopreservation applications in regenerative medicine.

Keywords: cell sheet; cell therapy; collagen; cryopreservation; regenerative therapy; vitrified hydrogel membrane.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Regenerative medicine concept of cell sheets.

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References

1. Rheinwald J.G., Green H. Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes: The formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells. Cell. 1975;6:331–343. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(75)80001-8. - DOI - PubMed
1. Green H., Kehinde O., Thomas J. Growth of cultured human epidermal cells into multiple epithelia suitable for grafting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1979;76:5665–5668. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5665. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. O’Connor N.E., Mulliken J.B., Banks-Schlegel S., Kehinde O., Green H. Grafting of burns with cultured epithelium prepared from autologous epidermal cells. Lancet. 1981;1:75–78. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(81)90006-4. - DOI - PubMed
1. Langer R., Vacanti J.P. Tissue engineering. Science. 1993;260:920–926. doi: 10.1126/science.8493529. - DOI - PubMed
1. Vacanti C.A., Vacanti J.P. The history and scope of tissue engineering. In: Lanza R., Langer R., Vacanti J.P., editors. Principles of Tissue Engineering. 3rd ed. Academic Press, Elsevier; Waltham, MA, USA: 2007. pp. 3–6.

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[1] Rheinwald J.G., Green H. Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes: The formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells. Cell. 1975;6:331–343. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(75)80001-8. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Rheinwald J.G., Green H. Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes: The formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells. Cell. 1975;6:331–343. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(75)80001-8. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Green H., Kehinde O., Thomas J. Growth of cultured human epidermal cells into multiple epithelia suitable for grafting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1979;76:5665–5668. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5665. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Green H., Kehinde O., Thomas J. Growth of cultured human epidermal cells into multiple epithelia suitable for grafting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1979;76:5665–5668. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5665. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] O’Connor N.E., Mulliken J.B., Banks-Schlegel S., Kehinde O., Green H. Grafting of burns with cultured epithelium prepared from autologous epidermal cells. Lancet. 1981;1:75–78. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(81)90006-4. - DOI - PubMed

[6] O’Connor N.E., Mulliken J.B., Banks-Schlegel S., Kehinde O., Green H. Grafting of burns with cultured epithelium prepared from autologous epidermal cells. Lancet. 1981;1:75–78. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(81)90006-4. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Langer R., Vacanti J.P. Tissue engineering. Science. 1993;260:920–926. doi: 10.1126/science.8493529. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Langer R., Vacanti J.P. Tissue engineering. Science. 1993;260:920–926. doi: 10.1126/science.8493529. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Vacanti C.A., Vacanti J.P. The history and scope of tissue engineering. In: Lanza R., Langer R., Vacanti J.P., editors. Principles of Tissue Engineering. 3rd ed. Academic Press, Elsevier; Waltham, MA, USA: 2007. pp. 3–6.

[10] Vacanti C.A., Vacanti J.P. The history and scope of tissue engineering. In: Lanza R., Langer R., Vacanti J.P., editors. Principles of Tissue Engineering. 3rd ed. Academic Press, Elsevier; Waltham, MA, USA: 2007. pp. 3–6.

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Cryopreservation of Cell Sheets for Regenerative Therapy: Application of Vitrified Hydrogel Membranes

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Cryopreservation of Cell Sheets for Regenerative Therapy: Application of Vitrified Hydrogel Membranes

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