NETworking with cancer: The bidirectional interplay between cancer and neutrophil extracellular traps
- PMID: 36827980
- PMCID: PMC10280682
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.001
NETworking with cancer: The bidirectional interplay between cancer and neutrophil extracellular traps
Abstract
Neutrophils are major effectors and regulators of the immune system. They play critical roles not only in the eradication of pathogens but also in cancer initiation and progression. Conversely, the presence of cancer affects neutrophil activity, maturation, and lifespan. By promoting or repressing key neutrophil functions, cancer cells co-opt neutrophil biology to their advantage. This co-opting includes hijacking one of neutrophils' most striking pathogen defense mechanisms: the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like filamentous extracellular structures of DNA, histones, and cytotoxic granule-derived proteins. Here, we discuss the bidirectional interplay by which cancer stimulates NET formation, and NETs in turn support disease progression. We review how vascular dysfunction and thrombosis caused by neutrophils and NETs underlie an elevated risk of death from cardiovascular events in cancer patients. Finally, we propose therapeutic strategies that may be effective in targeting NETs in the clinical setting.
Keywords: NETs; cancer; metastasis; neutrophil extracellular traps; neutrophils; tumor.
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of interests M.E. is a member of the research advisory board for brensocatib for Insmed, Inc.; a member of the scientific advisory board for Vividion Therapeutics, Inc.; a consultant for Protalix, Inc.; and holds shares in Agios. She is also a member of the Cancer Cell advisory board. The rest of the authors declare no competing interests.
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