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. 2023 Jan 20:16:107-121.
doi: 10.2147/JAA.S398494. eCollection 2023.

MicroRNA-146a-5p and microRNA-210-3p Correlate with T Regulatory Cells Frequency and Predict Asthma Severity in Egyptian Pediatric Population

Mona A Eldosoky  1 , Reham Hammad  1 , Areej Rushdi  2 , Hanan F Ibrahim  2 , Amany M Tawfeik  3 , Ahmed Mora  4 , Sarah F Fahmy  5 , Hossam El-Ashmawy  6 , Elham Ali  7 , Dina H Hamed  8 , Amena Rezk Mohammed  9 , Alya Mashaal  10 , Hanan Mohsen  8
Affiliations

MicroRNA-146a-5p and microRNA-210-3p Correlate with T Regulatory Cells Frequency and Predict Asthma Severity in Egyptian Pediatric Population

Mona A Eldosoky et al. J Asthma Allergy. .

Abstract

Background: Severe bronchial asthma (BA) affects 5-10% of children, which imposes socioeconomic burden. Therefore, it is crucial to identify biomarkers for risk stratification in children with BA. T regulatory cells (Tregs) play a balancing role in allergic response regulation. We aimed to investigate the relationship between Treg, miR-210-3p, and miR-146a-5p in relation to asthma phenotypes in search of novel biomarkers of disease severity.

Methods: This study included 50 children with BA classified into Group 1 (n = 25) children with mild to moderate asthma and Group 2 (n = 25) children with severe asthma. In addition to 26 control subjects. Flow cytometry was used to detect Tregs. Plasma miR-210-3p and miR-146a levels were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Patients' FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second) was measured.

Results: miR-210-3p level correlated negatively with Treg frequency (r = -0.828, P < 0.001) and FEV1 (r = -0.621, P < 0.001). The level of miR-146a-5p positively correlated positively with Treg% (r = 0.303, P = 0.032). ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-210-3p was the most sensitive biomarker of severity, with the area under curve (AUC) = 0.923, 96% sensitivity, and 60% specificity. According to multivariate analysis, miR-210-3p is an independent risk factor for BA severity [OR =3.119, P = 0.030], while miR-146a-5p is a protective factor [OR =0.811, P = 0.049].

Conclusion: Treg frequency is linked to FEV1, miR-146a-5p and miR-210-3p in childhood BA. Upregulation of miR-210-3p is a sensitive biomarker and an independent risk factor for BA severity in Egyptian children.

Keywords: T reg; asthma classifications; childhood asthma; miR-146a-5p; miR-210-3p.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gating strategy for Treg frequency detection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of frequency of circulation Treg, expression level of miR146a and miR 210 between severe group and mild to moderate group. (A) Treg was down regulated in severe group (P < 0.001. (B) MiR-210 was significantly up-regulated in severe group (P < 0.001). (C) miR146a was significantly up regulated in mild to moderate group (P = 0.001).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation of Treg with miR-210-3p, miR-146a-5p and FEV1. (A) There was a significant negative correlation between Treg % and miR-210-3p level of expression (r= - 0.828, P< 0.001). (B) There was a significant positive correlation between Treg % and miR-146a-5p level of expression (r = 0.303, P=0.032). (C) There was a significant positive correlation between Treg % and FEV1 (r=0.507, P < 0.001).
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