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Review
. 2022 Dec 31;10(1):53.
doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10010053.

Engineering Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Dry Eye: A Review

Tian-Zuo Wang  1   2 , Xin-Xin Liu  1   2 , Si-Yu Wang  1   3 , Yan Liu  1   3 , Xin-Yang Pan  1   2 , Jing-Jie Wang  1   2   3 , Kai-Hui Nan  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Engineering Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Dry Eye: A Review

Tian-Zuo Wang et al. Bioengineering (Basel). .

Abstract

Dry eye disease (DED) is a widespread and frequently reported multifactorial ocular disease that not only causes ocular discomfort but also damages the cornea and conjunctiva. At present, topical administration is the most common treatment modality for DED. Due to the existence of multiple biological barriers, instilled drugs generally exhibit short action times and poor penetration on the ocular surface. To resolve these issues, several advanced drug delivery systems have been proposed. This review discusses new dosage forms of drugs for the treatment of DED in terms of their characteristics and advantages. Innovative formulations that are currently available in the market and under clinical investigation are elaborated. Meanwhile, their deficiencies are discussed. It is envisioned that the flourishing of advanced drug delivery systems will lead to improved management of DED in the near future.

Keywords: drug delivery; dry eye disease; new dosage forms; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Drug delivery systems for DED.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic illustration for the preparation of rebamipide ultrafine suspension. Reprinted with permission from [33]. Copyright 2017 The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic illustration for the preparation of adriamycin liposomes. Reprinted with permission from [57]. Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Schematic illustration of the (a) single emulsion method and (b) multiple emulsion method for microsphere preparation. Reprinted from [68] under Creative Commons Attribution License.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Schematic illustration for the preparation (a) and characterization (b–g) of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant micelles. Reprinted from [80] under Creative Commons Attribution License.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Schematic illustration for the preparation of FK506-encapsulated temperature-sensitive hydrogel. Reprinted from [91] under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Schematic illustration for the design of a cyclosporine-releasing punctal plug. Reprinted with permission from [94]. Copyright 2011 Elsevier.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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