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Review
. 2023 Jan 11;22(1):7.
doi: 10.1186/s12943-023-01715-z.

Clinical application and detection techniques of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer

Shuo Ma #  1   2 , Meiling Zhou #  1   2 , Yanhua Xu  3 , Xinliang Gu  4 , Mingyuan Zou  1   2 , Gulinaizhaer Abudushalamu  1   2 , Yuming Yao  1   2 , Xiaobo Fan  1   2 , Guoqiu Wu  5   6   7
Affiliations
Review

Clinical application and detection techniques of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer

Shuo Ma et al. Mol Cancer. .

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and the leading cause of tumor-related mortality. Endoscopy and serological tumor marker testing are currently the main methods of GC screening, and treatment relies on surgical resection or chemotherapy. However, traditional examination and treatment methods are more harmful to patients and less sensitive and accurate. A minimally invasive method to respond to GC early screening, prognosis monitoring, treatment efficacy, and drug resistance situations is urgently needed. As a result, liquid biopsy techniques have received much attention in the clinical application of GC. The non-invasive liquid biopsy technique requires fewer samples, is reproducible, and can guide individualized patient treatment by monitoring patients' molecular-level changes in real-time. In this review, we introduced the clinical applications of circulating tumor cells, circulating free DNA, circulating tumor DNA, non-coding RNAs, exosomes, and proteins, which are the primary markers in liquid biopsy technology in GC. We also discuss the current limitations and future trends of liquid biopsy technology as applied to early clinical biopsy technology.

Keywords: Circulating tumor DNA; Circulating tumor cells; Exosomes; Gastric cancer; Liquid biopsy; Non-coding RNAs.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Clinical application of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer (GC). Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), exosomes, and proteins in the blood of GC patients can be used as potential biomarkers for liquid biopsies and their expression levels can be measured to reflect the clinical status of GC. Created with BioRender.com
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Techniques for detection of liquid biopsy biomarkers in gastric cancer (GC). Detection of CTCs (A), cfDNA/ctDNA (B), ncRNAs (C), and exosomes (D) in body fluids using different techniques can help in early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, treatment, and recurrence monitoring, and targeted therapy of GC. Created with BioRender.com
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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