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Review
. 2022 Oct 20:13:1014823.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1014823. eCollection 2022.

Therapeutics for fulminant hepatitis caused by enteroviruses in neonates

Li-Chiu Wang  1 , Huey-Pin Tsai  2   3 , Shun-Hua Chen  4   5 , Shih-Min Wang  5   6
Affiliations
Review

Therapeutics for fulminant hepatitis caused by enteroviruses in neonates

Li-Chiu Wang et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Neonatal infection with nonpolio enteroviruses (EVs) causes nonspecific febrile illnesses and even life-threatening multiorgan failure. Hepatitis, which often results in hepatic necrosis followed by disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, is one of the most severe and frequent fatal neonatal EV infection complications. Coxsackievirus B (CVB) 1-5 and many echoviruses have been most commonly identified. Neonatal EV infection treatment has usually involved initial supportive care. Studies for CVB and echovirus infection treatments were developed for more than thirty years. Intravenous immunoglobulin and pleconaril therapy was performed in some clinical trials. Additionally, other studies demonstrated antiviral and/or anti-inflammatory pathogenesis mechanisms of neonatal EV hepatitis in in vitro or in vivo models. These treatments represented promising options for the clinical practice of neonatal EV hepatitis. However, further investigation is needed to elucidate the whole therapeutic potential and safety problems.

Keywords: anti-inflammatory; antiviral; coxsackievirus B; echovirus; hepatitis; neonate.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Annual distribution of coxsackievirus B isolates according to the serotype in National Cheng Kung University Hospital, 1998–2021.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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