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Review
. 2022 Aug 26:9:952949.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.952949. eCollection 2022.

The roles and mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in pathological myocardial remodeling

Kun Zhao  1 , Yukang Mao  1 , Yansong Li  1 , Chuanxi Yang  1   2 , Kai Wang  1 , Jing Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

The roles and mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in pathological myocardial remodeling

Kun Zhao et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Pathological myocardial remodeling was still one of the leading causes of death worldwide with an unmet therapeutic need. A growing number of researchers have addressed the role of epigenome changes in cardiovascular diseases, paving the way for the clinical application of novel cardiovascular-related epigenetic targets in the future. In this review, we summarized the emerged advances of epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, Histone posttranslational modification, Adenosine disodium triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chromatin remodeling, Non-coding RNA, and RNA modification, in pathological myocardial remodeling. Also, we provided an overview of the mechanisms that potentially involve the participation of these epigenetic regulation.

Keywords: DNA methylation; RNA modification; adenosine disodium triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chromatin remodeling; epigenetic regulation; histone posttranslational modification; pathological myocardial remodeling.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The epigenetic mechanism underlying the occurrence and progression of pathological myocardial remodeling. Epigenetic regulation underlying the development of pathological myocardial remodeling can be divided into four different molecular levels: (1) DNA methylation; (2) Histone modification; (3) Chromatin remodeling; (4) Non-coding RNA; (5) RNA modification. HATs, histone acetyltransferases; HDACs, histone deacetylases; PARP-1, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1; H3K4me3, histone 3 lysine 4 triamcinolone; HMT, histone methyl transferase; HDM, histone trimethyldemethylase; FTO, Fat mass and obesity-associated protein; METTL3, methyltransferase-like 3; METTL14, methyltransferase-like 14; m6A, N6-methyladenosine; m1A, N1-methyladenosine; m7G, N7-methylguanosine; m5C, 5-methylcytosine; ac4C, N4-acetylcytidine; miRNAs, microRNAs; lncRNAs, long ncRNAs; Chast, cardiac hypertrophy-associated transcript; Chaer, cardiac-hypertrophy-associated epigenetic regulator.
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