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Review
. 2022 Aug 10;12(16):2028.
doi: 10.3390/ani12162028.

Regulatory Role of Apoptotic and Inflammasome Related Proteins and Their Possible Functional Aspect in Thiram Associated Tibial Dyschondroplasia of Poultry

Muhammad Fakhar-E-Alam Kulyar  1   2 , Wangyuan Yao  1 , Quan Mo  1 , Yanmei Ding  1 , Yan Zhang  1 , Jindong Gao  1 , Kewei Li  1 , Huachun Pan  1 , Shah Nawaz  1 , Muhammad Shahzad  3 , Khalid Mehmood  3 , Mudassar Iqbal  3 , Muhammad Akhtar  1 , Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta  4 , Muhammad Waqas  5 , Jiakui Li  1   6 , Desheng Qi  2
Affiliations
Review

Regulatory Role of Apoptotic and Inflammasome Related Proteins and Their Possible Functional Aspect in Thiram Associated Tibial Dyschondroplasia of Poultry

Muhammad Fakhar-E-Alam Kulyar et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

Tibial dyschondroplasia debilities apoptotic and inflammasomal conditions that can further destroy chondrocytes. Inflammasomes are specialized protein complexes that process pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Moreover, there is mounting evidence that many of the signaling molecules that govern programmed cell death also affect inflammasome activation in a cell-intrinsic way. During the last decade, apoptotic functions have been described for signaling molecules involving inflammatory responses and cell death pathways. Considering these exceptional developments in the knowledge of processes, this review gives a glimpse of the significance of these two pathways and their connected proteins in tibial dyschondroplasia. The current review deeply elaborates on the elevated level of signaling mediators of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and the inflammasome. Although investigating these pathways' mechanisms has made significant progress, this review identifies areas where more study is especially required. It might lead to developing innovative therapeutics for tibial dyschondroplasia and other associated bone disorders, e.g., osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, where apoptosis and inflammasome are the significant pathways.

Keywords: apoptosis; chondrocytes; inflammasome; poultry; thiram; tibial dyschondroplasia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
An illustration of a growth plate’s different zones.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The root cause of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Role of collagen and aggrecan mediated ECM in decellularization.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Regulation of apoptosis under the effect of angiogenic factors.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The mitochondrial mediated/intrinsic apoptosis is associated with the activation of BH3 proteins.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The imbalance or inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins (e.g., Bcl-2) may initiate apoptosis.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The executioner caspase proteins (e.g., Caspase-3, Caspase-7) trigger apoptosis in both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Formation of NLRP3 base inflammasome under the influence of cell damage.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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Grants and funding

The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31873031; Grant No. 32172929). The figures were designed by using BioRender.com (accessed on 4 August 2022).

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