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Review
. 2022 Jul 20;25(8):104807.
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104807. eCollection 2022 Aug 19.

Non-coding RNA delivery for bone tissue engineering: Progress, challenges, and potential solutions

Shiyao Guan  1 , Zhen Zhang  1 , Jun Wu  1
Affiliations
Review

Non-coding RNA delivery for bone tissue engineering: Progress, challenges, and potential solutions

Shiyao Guan et al. iScience. .

Abstract

More than 20 million individuals worldwide suffer from congenital or acquired bone defects annually. The development of bone scaffold materials that simulate natural bone for bone defect repair remains challenging. Recently, ncRNA-based therapies for bone defects have attracted increasing interest because of the great potential of ncRNAs in disease treatment. Various types of ncRNAs regulate gene expression in osteogenesis-related cells via multiple mechanisms. The delivery of ncRNAs to the site of bone loss through gene vectors or scaffolds is a potential therapeutic option for bone defect repair. Therefore, this study discusses and summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs, siRNAs, and piRNAs in osteogenic signaling and reviews the widely used current RNA delivery vectors and scaffolds for bone defect repair. Additionally, current challenges and potential solutions of delivery scaffolds for bone defect repair are proposed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for their future clinical applications.

Keywords: Biomolecules; Nucleic acids; Tissue engineering.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Figure 1
Figure 1
The formation and regulation mechanisms of miRNA miRISC can cleave the mRNA or inhibit the translation of the mRNA depends on its degree of complementarity with the target mRNA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The gene silencing mechanism of siRNA Delivery of siRNA to cells via membrane fusion and endocytosis using specific vectors leads to gene silencing.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The strategies of ncRNA delivery for bone defect Vectors encapsulating gene therapy drugs are delivered to the bone defect site via blood circulation and undergo a series of regulatory mechanisms to promote osteogenesis, thereby repairing the bone defect.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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