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Review
. 2022 Apr 27;11(9):1181.
doi: 10.3390/plants11091181.

Genetic and Genomic Resources for Soybean Breeding Research

Jakob Petereit  1 , Jacob I Marsh  1 , Philipp E Bayer  1 , Monica F Danilevicz  1 , William J W Thomas  1 , Jacqueline Batley  1 , David Edwards  1
Affiliations
Review

Genetic and Genomic Resources for Soybean Breeding Research

Jakob Petereit et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max) is a legume species of significant economic and nutritional value. The yield of soybean continues to increase with the breeding of improved varieties, and this is likely to continue with the application of advanced genetic and genomic approaches for breeding. Genome technologies continue to advance rapidly, with an increasing number of high-quality genome assemblies becoming available. With accumulating data from marker arrays and whole-genome resequencing, studying variations between individuals and populations is becoming increasingly accessible. Furthermore, the recent development of soybean pangenomes has highlighted the significant structural variation between individuals, together with knowledge of what has been selected for or lost during domestication and breeding, information that can be applied for the breeding of improved cultivars. Because of this, resources such as genome assemblies, SNP datasets, pangenomes and associated databases are becoming increasingly important for research underlying soybean crop improvement.

Keywords: assemblies; breeding; databases; genetic variation; genetics; genomics; germplasm; pangenome; soybean.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sequencing required and information gained from core genomic resources for soybean breeding research (n—number of individuals included in a typical study).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Milestones progressing soybean genomics and pangenomics. Red boxes indicate genome assemblies of modern cultivars (Wm82.a1/a2/a3—G. max Williams82, first, second and fourth revision, Lee—G. max Lee, Zh13, Zh13 imp—G. max Zhonhuang 13 and Zhonghuang 13 improved), green boxes indicate wild genome assemblies (W05—G. soja accession W05, PI 483463—G. soja accession, PI 559298—G. latifolia accession), blue boxes indicate pangenomes, including the used accessions for their construction, and the red-blue-green box depicts the Glycine super-pangenome, including G. max, G. soja and 7 perennial Glycines. Arrows indicate the use of a constructed genome assembly in a later study.
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