Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Feb 10:9:835138.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.835138. eCollection 2022.

Restoring Ravaged Heart: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application of miRNA in Heart Regeneration

Vandit Shah  1 , Jigna Shah  1
Affiliations
Review

Restoring Ravaged Heart: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application of miRNA in Heart Regeneration

Vandit Shah et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Human heart development is a complex and tightly regulated process, conserving proliferation, and multipotency of embryonic cardiovascular progenitors. At terminal stage, progenitor cell type gets suppressed for terminal differentiation and maturation. In the human heart, most cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated and so have limited proliferation capacity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding single-stranded RNA that regulate gene expression and mRNA silencing at the post-transcriptional level. These miRNAs play a crucial role in numerous biological events, including cardiac development, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Several cardiac cells specific miRNAs have been discovered. Inhibition or overexpression of these miRNAs could induce cardiac regeneration, cardiac stem cell proliferation and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Clinical application of miRNAs extends to heart failure, wherein the cell cycle arrest of terminally differentiated cardiac cells inhibits the heart regeneration. The regenerative capacity of the myocardium can be enhanced by cardiomyocyte specific miRNAs controlling the cell cycle. In this review, we focus on cardiac-specific miRNAs involved in cardiac regeneration and cardiomyocyte proliferation, and their potential as a new clinical therapy for heart regeneration.

Keywords: cardiac development; cardiomyocyte; cardiovascular diseases; heart regeneration; miRNA.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
miRNAs in cardiac development and regeneration.
Figure 2
Figure 2
miRNA based regulation of cardiogenesis. The initiating signals, i.e., extrinsic and intrinsic signals in the primary and secondary heart field regulate the cardiogenesis. The nodes in blue represent the central transcription factor orchestrating the developmental signals. Nodes in red represent the transcription factor only expressed in the primary heart field. Whereas, nodes in green represent the transcription factor only expressed in the secondary heart field. Nodes in light coral color represent the miRNAs involved in the control of the overall cardiogenesis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Roth GA, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, et al. . Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980−2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. (2018) 392:1736–88. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hill JA, Olson EN. Cardiac plasticity. N Engl J Med. (2009) 358:1370–80. 10.1056/NEJMra072139 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Richardson WJ, Clarke SA, Alexander Quinn T, Holmes JW. Physiological implications of myocardial scar structure. Compr Physiol. (2015) 5:1877–909. 10.1002/cphy.c140067 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ptaszek LM, Mansour M, Ruskin JN, Chien KR. Towards regenerative therapy for cardiac disease. Lancet. (2012) 379:933–42. 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60075-0 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Passier R, Van Laake LW, Mummery CL. Stem-cell-based therapy and lessons from the heart. Nature. (2008) 453:322–9. 10.1038/nature07040 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources