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Review
. 2022 Apr:93:102141.
doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102141. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Emotion regulation as mediator between childhood adversity and psychopathology: A meta-analysis

Andrei C Miu  1 , Aurora Szentágotai-Tătar  2 , Róbert Balázsi  3 , Diana Nechita  4 , Ioana Bunea  5 , Seth D Pollak  6
Affiliations
Review

Emotion regulation as mediator between childhood adversity and psychopathology: A meta-analysis

Andrei C Miu et al. Clin Psychol Rev. 2022 Apr.

Abstract

Childhood adversity is a major risk factor for multiple forms of psychopathology, and recent efforts have focused on understanding the underlying psychological mechanisms. One outstanding candidate is emotion regulation, which has been associated with both childhood adversity, and psychopathology. Based on the available evidence, the present meta-analysis set out to investigate the mechanistic involvement of emotion regulation in the relation between childhood adversity and psychopathology. Systematic searches in three databases (PubMed; PsycINFO; Web of Science) identified 215 eligible studies. Using meta-analytic structural equation modeling, we fitted a partial mediation model to the available data across studies, in which childhood adversity was related to psychopathology both directly and through emotion regulation. Multiple emotion regulation dimensions were analyzed, including emotion regulation difficulties and the habitual use of rumination, distraction, reappraisal, and suppression. Measures of psychopathology included a wide range of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in both clinical and non-clinical samples. The results indicated that childhood adversity was positively associated with emotion regulation difficulties, as well as with the habitual use of rumination and suppression. In turn, these measures of emotion regulation were positively associated with psychopathology. Habitual reappraisal use showed negative relations with both childhood adversity and psychopathology. All these emotion regulation measures were supported as mediators in the relation between childhood adversity and psychopathology. In contrast, distraction was not related to childhood adversity or psychopathology, and its mediator role was not supported. These results suggest that altered emotion regulation is a consistent marker of childhood adversity and contributes to risk of psychopathology.

Keywords: Adversity; Childhood; Emotion; Psychopathology; Regulation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram describing the process of study selection.
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