Probiotic supplementation attenuates age-related sarcopenia via the gut-muscle axis in SAMP8 mice
- PMID: 34766473
- PMCID: PMC8818665
- DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12849
Probiotic supplementation attenuates age-related sarcopenia via the gut-muscle axis in SAMP8 mice
Abstract
Background: Age-related muscle dysfunctions are common disorders resulting in poor quality of life in the elderly. Probiotic supplementation is a potential strategy for preventing age-related sarcopenia as evidence suggests that probiotics can enhance muscle function via the gut-muscle axis. However, the effects and mechanisms of probiotics in age-related sarcopenia are currently unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS), a probiotic previously reported to improve muscle function in young adult mice.
Methods: We administered LcS (1 × 108 or 1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day) by oral gavage to senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 mice for 12 weeks (16- to 28-week-old). Sixteen-week-old and 28-week-old SMAP8 mice were included as non-aged and aged controls, respectively. Muscle condition was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for muscle mass, holding impulse and grip strength tests for muscle strength, and oxygen consumption rate, gene expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial number assays for mitochondria function. Inflammatory cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to measure the short-chain fatty acid levels. The gut microbiota was analysed based on the data of 16S rRNA gene sequencing of mouse stool.
Results: The LcS supplementation reduced age-related declines in muscle mass (>94.6%, P < 0.04), strength (>66% in holding impulse and >96.3% in grip strength, P < 0.05), and mitochondrial function (P < 0.05). The concentration of short-chain fatty acids (acetic, isobutyric, butyric, penic, and hexanoic acid) was recovered by LcS (>65.9% in the mice given high dose of LcS, P < 0.05) in the aged mice, and LcS attenuated age-related increases in inflammation (P < 0.05) and reactive oxygen species (>89.4%, P < 0.001). The high dose of LcS supplementation was also associated with distinct microbiota composition as indicated by the separation of groups in the beta-diversity analysis (P = 0.027). LcS supplementation altered predicted bacterial functions based on the gut microbiota. Apoptosis (P = 0.026), p53 signalling (P = 0.017), and non-homologous end-joining (P = 0.031) were significantly reduced, whereas DNA repair and recombination proteins (P = 0.043), RNA polymerase (P = 0.008), and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (P = 0.003) were increased. Finally, the genera enriched by high-dose LcS [linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score > 2.0] were positively correlated with healthy muscle and physiological condition (P < 0.05), while the genera enriched in aged control mice (LDA score > 2.0) were negatively associated with healthy muscle and physiological condition (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Lactobacillus casei Shirota represents an active modulator that regulates the onset and progression of age-related muscle impairment potentially via the gut-muscle axis.
Keywords: Age-related sarcopenia; Gut microbiota; Gut-muscle axis; Probiotics; Short-chain fatty acid.
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Faecal microbiota transplantation from young rats attenuates age-related sarcopenia revealed by multiomics analysis.J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2023 Oct;14(5):2168-2183. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.13294. Epub 2023 Jul 13. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2023. PMID: 37439281 Free PMC article.
-
The animal protein hydrolysate attenuates sarcopenia via the muscle-gut axis in aged mice.Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Nov;167:115604. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115604. Epub 2023 Oct 5. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023. PMID: 37804811
-
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 Effectively Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition and Improves Gastrointestinal Function in Aged SAMP8 Mice.Nutrients. 2021 Mar 29;13(4):1116. doi: 10.3390/nu13041116. Nutrients. 2021. PMID: 33805289 Free PMC article.
-
Understanding the gut microbiota and sarcopenia: a systematic review.J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021 Dec;12(6):1393-1407. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12784. Epub 2021 Sep 14. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021. PMID: 34523250 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Gut microbes and muscle function: can probiotics make our muscles stronger?J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Jun;13(3):1460-1476. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12964. Epub 2022 Mar 12. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022. PMID: 35278043 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
Causal Relationship Between Gut Microbiota, Metabolites, and Sarcopenia: A Mendelian Randomization Study.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2024 Sep 1;79(9):glae173. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glae173. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2024. PMID: 38995073 Free PMC article.
-
Non-Pharmacological Strategies for Managing Sarcopenia in Chronic Diseases.Clin Interv Aging. 2024 May 15;19:827-841. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S455736. eCollection 2024. Clin Interv Aging. 2024. PMID: 38765795 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease in the Elderly.Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2024 Sep;26(9):217-230. doi: 10.1007/s11894-024-00932-w. Epub 2024 Apr 20. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2024. PMID: 38642272 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Effect of electroacupuncture combined with sulforaphane in the treatment of sarcopenia in SAMP8 mice.Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(5):560-566. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2024.71345.15509. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024. PMID: 38629101 Free PMC article.
-
Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle: Influential triggers and regulatory mechanism.iScience. 2024 Feb 15;27(3):109221. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109221. eCollection 2024 Mar 15. iScience. 2024. PMID: 38433917 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Marzetti E, Calvani R, Tosato M, Cesari M, Di Bari M, Cherubini A, et al. Sarcopenia: an overview. Aging Clin Exp Res 2017;29:11–17. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous