Running exercise protects spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

doi:10.1002/cne.25252

. 2022 Apr;530(6):858-870.

doi: 10.1002/cne.25252. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Running exercise protects spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

Lin Zhu^{1

2}, Jin-Hua Fan³, Feng-Lei Chao^{1

2}, Chun-Ni Zhou^{1

2}, Lin Jiang⁴, Yi Zhang⁵, Yan-Min Luo⁶, Lei Zhang^{1

2}, Qian Xiao⁷, Hao Yang^{1

2}, Shan-Shan Zhang^{1

2}, Hong Wu^{1

2}, Yong Tang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
² Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
³ School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁴ Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁵ Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁶ Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁷ Department of Radioactive Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.

PMID: 34585379
DOI: 10.1002/cne.25252

Running exercise protects spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

Lin Zhu et al. J Comp Neurol. 2022 Apr.

. 2022 Apr;530(6):858-870.

doi: 10.1002/cne.25252. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
² Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
³ School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁴ Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁵ Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁶ Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
⁷ Department of Radioactive Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.

PMID: 34585379
DOI: 10.1002/cne.25252

Abstract

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is thought to be closely associated with emotional processes, decision making, and memory. Previous studies have identified the prefrontal cortex as one of the most vulnerable brain regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Running exercise has widely been recognized as a simple and effective method of physical activity that enhances brain function and slows the progression of AD. However, the effect of exercise on the mPFC of AD is unclear. To address these issues, we investigated the effects of 4 months of exercise on the numbers of spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the mPFC of 12-month-old APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic AD model mice using stereological methods. The spatial learning and memory abilities of mice were tested using the Morris water maze. Four months of running exercise delayed declines in spatial learning and memory abilities. The stereological results showed significantly lower numbers of spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the mPFC of APP/PS1 mice than in the wild-type control group. The numbers of spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the mPFC of running APP/PS1 mice were significantly greater than those in the APP/PS1 control mice. In addition, running-induced improvements in spatial learning and memory were significantly associated with running-induced increases in spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons numbers in the mPFC. Running exercise could delay the loss of spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the mPFC of APP/PS1 mice. This finding might provide an important structural basis for exercise-induced improvements in the spatial learning and memory abilities of individuals with AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease (AD); dendritic spine; medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC); neuron; running exercise; stereology.

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Physical Exercise and Mechanism Related to Alzheimer's Disease: Is Gut-Brain Axis Involved?
Sanchez-Martinez J, Solis-Urra P, Olivares-Arancibia J, Plaza-Diaz J. Sanchez-Martinez J, et al. Brain Sci. 2024 Sep 27;14(10):974. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14100974. Brain Sci. 2024. PMID: 39451988 Free PMC article. Review.

References

REFERENCES

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1. Almeida, S. I. L., Gomes da Silva, M., & Marques, A. (2019). Home-based physical activity programs for people with dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Gerontologist, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz176
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1. Battaglia, F., Wang, H. Y., Ghilardi, M. F., Gashi, E., Quartarone, A., Friedman, E., & Nixon, R. A. (2007). Cortical plasticity in Alzheimer's disease in humans and rodents. Biological Psychiatry, 62(12), 1405-1412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.027

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[1] Akinola, O. B., Biliaminu, S. A., Adediran, R. A., Adeniye, K. A., & Abdulquadir, F. C. (2015). Characterization of prefrontal cortex microstructure and antioxidant status in a rat model of neurodegeneration induced by aluminium chloride and multiple low-dose streptozotocin. Metabolic Brain Disease, 30(6), 1531-1536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-015-9719-4

[2] Akinola, O. B., Biliaminu, S. A., Adediran, R. A., Adeniye, K. A., & Abdulquadir, F. C. (2015). Characterization of prefrontal cortex microstructure and antioxidant status in a rat model of neurodegeneration induced by aluminium chloride and multiple low-dose streptozotocin. Metabolic Brain Disease, 30(6), 1531-1536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-015-9719-4

[3] Akram, A., Christoffel, D., Rocher, A. B., Bouras, C., Kovari, E., Perl, D. P., Morrison, J. H., Herrmann, F. R., Haroutunian, V., Giannakopoulos, P., & Hof, P. R. (2008). Stereologic estimates of total spinophilin-immunoreactive spine number in area 9 and the CA1 field: Relationship with the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Aging, 29(9), 1296-1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.03.007

[4] Akram, A., Christoffel, D., Rocher, A. B., Bouras, C., Kovari, E., Perl, D. P., Morrison, J. H., Herrmann, F. R., Haroutunian, V., Giannakopoulos, P., & Hof, P. R. (2008). Stereologic estimates of total spinophilin-immunoreactive spine number in area 9 and the CA1 field: Relationship with the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Aging, 29(9), 1296-1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.03.007

[5] Almeida, S. I. L., Gomes da Silva, M., & Marques, A. (2019). Home-based physical activity programs for people with dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Gerontologist, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz176

[6] Almeida, S. I. L., Gomes da Silva, M., & Marques, A. (2019). Home-based physical activity programs for people with dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Gerontologist, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz176

[7] Alzheimer's Disease International. (2020). The World Alzheimer Report 2020. https://www.alzint.org/resource/world-alzheimer-report-2020/

[8] Alzheimer's Disease International. (2020). The World Alzheimer Report 2020. https://www.alzint.org/resource/world-alzheimer-report-2020/

[9] Battaglia, F., Wang, H. Y., Ghilardi, M. F., Gashi, E., Quartarone, A., Friedman, E., & Nixon, R. A. (2007). Cortical plasticity in Alzheimer's disease in humans and rodents. Biological Psychiatry, 62(12), 1405-1412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.027

[10] Battaglia, F., Wang, H. Y., Ghilardi, M. F., Gashi, E., Quartarone, A., Friedman, E., & Nixon, R. A. (2007). Cortical plasticity in Alzheimer's disease in humans and rodents. Biological Psychiatry, 62(12), 1405-1412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.027

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Running exercise protects spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

Affiliations

Running exercise protects spinophilin-immunoreactive puncta and neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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References

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