Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jun 12;13(6):1134.
doi: 10.3390/v13061134.

HIV-1 Persistence in Children during Suppressive ART

Mary Grace Katusiime  1 , Gert U Van Zyl  2 , Mark F Cotton  3 , Mary F Kearney  1
Affiliations
Review

HIV-1 Persistence in Children during Suppressive ART

Mary Grace Katusiime et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

There is a growing number of perinatally HIV-1-infected children worldwide who must maintain life-long ART. In early life, HIV-1 infection is established in an immunologically inexperienced environment in which maternal ART and immune dynamics during pregnancy play a role in reservoir establishment. Children that initiated early antiretroviral therapy (ART) and maintained long-term suppression of viremia have smaller and less diverse HIV reservoirs than adults, although their proviral landscape during ART is reported to be similar to that of adults. The ability of these early infected cells to persist long-term through clonal expansion poses a major barrier to finding a cure. Furthermore, the effects of life-long HIV persistence and ART are yet to be understood, but growing evidence suggests that these individuals are at an increased risk for developing non-AIDS-related comorbidities, which underscores the need for an HIV cure.

Keywords: HIV-1 persistence; HIV-1 reservoirs; children; long-term ART; perinatal HIV-1.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HIV-1 persistence in perinatally infected individuals.
Figure 2
Figure 2
HIV-1 persistence in children vs. adults.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. UNAIDS . Global HIV & AIDS Statistics–2020 Fact Sheet. UNAIDS; Geneva, Switzerland: 2020.
    1. Myer L., Essajee S., Broyles L.N., Watts D.H., Lesosky M., El-Sadr W.M., Abrams E.J. Pregnant and breastfeeding women: A priority population for HIV viral load monitoring. PLoS Med. 2017;14:e1002375. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002375. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Moland K.M.I., De Paoli M.M., Sellen D.W., Van Esterik P., Leshabari S.C., Blystad A. Breastfeeding and HIV: Experiences from a decade of prevention of postnatal HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Int. Breastfeed. J. 2010;5:10. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-5-10. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Myburgh D., Rabie H., Slogrove A., Edson C., Cotton M., Dramowski A. Horizontal HIV transmission to children of HIV-uninfected mothers: A case series and review of the global literature. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 2020;98:315–320. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.081. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Scott G.B., Brogly S.B., Muenz D., Stek A.M., Read J.S., for the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group (IMPAACT) P1025 Study Team Missed Opportunities for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Obstet. Gynecol. 2017;129:621–628. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001929. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types