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. 2021 Jul 1;16(7):e0254028.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254028. eCollection 2021.

Anti-HCV antibody titer highly predicts HCV viremia in patients with hepatitis B virus dual-infection

Hung-Yin Liu  1 , Yi-Hung Lin  1 , Pei-Ju Lin  2 , Pei-Chien Tsai  1 , Shu-Fen Liu  1 , Ying-Chou Huang  1 , Jia-Jiun Tsai  1 , Ching-I Huang  1   3 , Ming-Lun Yeh  1   3 , Po-Cheng Liang  1 , Zu-Yau Lin  1   2 , Chia-Yen Dai  1   3 , Jee-Fu Huang  1   3 , Wan-Long Chuang  1   3 , Chung-Feng Huang  1   3 , Ming-Lung Yu  1   3   4   5
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Anti-HCV antibody titer highly predicts HCV viremia in patients with hepatitis B virus dual-infection

Hung-Yin Liu et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background/aims: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is diagnosed by the presence of antibody to HCV and/or HCV RNA. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of anti-HCV titer (S/CO ratio) in predicting HCV viremia in patients with or without hepatitis B virus (HBV) dual infection.

Methods: Anti-HCV seropositive patients who were treatment-naïve consecutively enrolled. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected using a commercially chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. HCV RNA was detected by real-time PCR method.

Results: A total of 1321 including1196 mono-infected and 125 HBV dually infected patients were analyzed. The best cut-off value of anti-HCV titer in predicting HCV viremia was 9.95 (AUROC 0.99, P<0.0001). Of the entire cohort, the anti-HCV cut-off value of 10 provided the best accuracy, 96.8%, with the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.3%, 98.9%, 99.7% and 87.3% respectively. The best cut-off value of anti-HCV titer in predicting HCV viremia was 9.95 (AUROC 0.99, P<0.0001) and 9.36 (AUROC 1.00, P<0.0001) in patients with HCV mono-infection and HBV dual-infection respectively. Among the HBV dually infected patients, the accuracy of anti-HCV titer in predicting HCV viremia reached up to 100% with the cut-off value of 9. All the patients were HCV-viremic if their anti-HCV titer was greater than 9 (PPV 100%). On the other hand, all the patients were HCV non-viremic if their anti-HCV titer was less than 9 (NPV 100%).

Conclusions: Anti-HCV titer strongly predicted HCV viremia. This excellent performance could be generalized to either HCV mono-infected or HBV dually infected patients.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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