Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jun 24:14:2715-2732.
doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S316429. eCollection 2021.

Particulate Air Pollution and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review

Kok-Lun Pang  1 , Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku  1 , Kok-Yong Chin  1
Affiliations
Review

Particulate Air Pollution and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review

Kok-Lun Pang et al. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. .

Abstract

Air pollution is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, which predispose to several chronic diseases in human. Emerging evidence suggests that the severity and progression of osteoporosis are directly associated with inflammation induced by air pollutants like particulate matter (PM). This systematic review examined the relationship between PM and bone health or fractures. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January until February 2021 using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases. Human cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies were considered. Of the 1500 papers identified, 14 articles were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The air pollution index investigated by most studies were PM2.5 and PM10. Current studies demonstrated inconsistent associations between PM and osteoporosis risk or fractures, which may partly due to the heterogeneity in subjects' characteristics, study design and analysis. In conclusion, there is an inconclusive relationship between osteoporosis risk and fracture and PM exposures which require further validation.

Keywords: PM1; PM10; PM2.5; bone mineral density; fracture; particulate matter.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow chart of the systematic literature search. Notes: PRISMA figure adapted from Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ.  2009;339:b2535. Creative Commons.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. World Health Organization. Air pollution; 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/air-pollution#tab=tab_1. Accessed March23, 2021.
    1. Chau TT, Wang KY. An association between air pollution and daily most frequently visits of eighteen outpatient diseases in an industrial city. Sci Rep. 2020;10. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58721-0 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Liu C, Ying Z, Harkema J, et al. Epidemiological and experimental links between air pollution and type 2 diabetes. Toxicol Pathol. 2013;41:361–373. doi:10.1177/0192623312464531 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Block ML, Calderón-Garcidueñas L. Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and cns disease. Trends Neurosci. 2009;32(9):506–516. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.05.009 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Brook Robert D, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA, et al. Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2010;121(21):2331–2378. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources