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Review
. 2021 Jun:37:60-72.
doi: 10.1016/j.nutos.2021.05.001. Epub 2021 May 23.

The management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in intensive care unit (ICU) in low income countries: A review article

Debas Yaregal Melesse  1 , Wubie Birlie Chekol  2
Affiliations
Review

The management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in intensive care unit (ICU) in low income countries: A review article

Debas Yaregal Melesse et al. Clin Nutr Open Sci. 2021 Jun.

Abstract

Background: The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV2)- causing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), outbreak as a world health problem and was declared as a pandemic disease by the world health organization (WHO) in March 2020. Many serious findings have been observed among victims with sever acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2.

Methods: This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. Search engines like PubMed and PMC through HINARI, Cochrane database, Google Scholar were used to get information about the current evidences on management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in intensive care unit (ICU).

Discussion: Mortality with COVID 19 is associated with geriatric population, the presence comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and cancer, acute respiratory failure, higher d-dimer and C-reactive protein concentrations, lower lymphocyte counts, and secondary infections.

Conclusion: The international recommendations on nutrition in the ICU should be followed. Some specific issues about the nutrition of the COVID-19 patients in the ICU should be emphasized. Universal infection prevention precautions (hand hygiene and use of personal protection equipment (PPE)) are invaluable during nursing of COVID 19 patients at ICU.

Keywords: Airway; Covid-19; Extubation; ICU; Nutrition.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared that they have no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis 2009 flow diagram.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Clinical management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in ICU. ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome. COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019. HFNC = high-flow nasal cannula. NIV = non-invasive ventilation. PaO2/FiO2 = partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen. PPE = personal protective equipment. EN = Enteral Nutrition. PN = Parenteral Nutrition.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Nutritional management in individuals at risk for severe COVID-19, in subjects suffering from COVID-19, and in COVID-19 ICU patients requiring ventilation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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