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Case Reports
. 2021 May 16;9(14):3442-3448.
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i14.3442.

Successful treatment of infantile hepatitis B with lamivudine: A case report

Yu-Ting Zhang  1 , Jing Liu  1 , Xiao-Ben Pan  1 , Yi-Dan Gao  1 , Yin-Fei Hu  2 , Li Lin  3 , Hua-Jun Cheng  4 , Gong-Ying Chen  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Successful treatment of infantile hepatitis B with lamivudine: A case report

Yu-Ting Zhang et al. World J Clin Cases. .

Abstract

Background: How to treat infantile hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a controversial issue. The nucleoside analogue lamivudine (LAM) has been approved to treat children (2 to 17 years old) with chronic hepatitis B. Here, we aimed to investigate the benefit of LAM treatment in infantile hepatitis B.

Case summary: A 4-mo-old infant born to a hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive woman was found to be infected by HBV during a health checkup. Liver chemistry and HBV seromarker tests showed alanine aminotransferase of 106 U/L, HBsAg of 685.2 cut-off index, hepatitis B "e" antigen of 1454.0 cut-off index, and HBV DNA of > 1.0 × 109 IU/mL. LAM treatment (20 mg/d) was initiated, and after 19 mo, serum HBsAg was entirely cleared and hepatitis B surface antibody was present. The patient received LAM treatment for 2 years in total and has been followed for 3 years. During this period, serum hepatitis B surface antibody has been persistently positive, and serum HBV DNA was undetectable.

Conclusion: Early treatment of infantile hepatitis B with LAM could be safe and effective.

Keywords: Antiviral therapy; Case report; Hepatitis B virus; Infant; Lamivudine; Mother-to-infant transmission.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Dynamic of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, log10 hepatitis B virus DNA, and alanine aminotransferase of the infant after lamivudine treatment. A-D: Dynamic of hepatitis B surface antigen (A), hepatitis B surface antibody (B), log10 hepatitis B virus DNA (C), and alanine aminotransferase (D); E: Qualitative change of hepatitis B virus DNA, hepatitis B surface antibody, and hepatitis B surface antigen. HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBsAb: Hepatitis B surface antibody; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.
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