Epidemiology of pediatric sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit of king Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- PMID: 33962589
- PMCID: PMC8103596
- DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02686-0
Epidemiology of pediatric sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit of king Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Background: Pediatric sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to identify the incidence of sepsis and septic shock among patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia. Patients' demographics and risk factors associated with sepsis-related mortality were also investigated.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the PICU of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah (KAMC-J). KAMC-J is a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 2389 patients admitted to the PICU of KAMC-J between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017 were screened and evaluated for sepsis using The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).
Results: Of the 2389 total admissions to the PICU, 113 patients (4.9%) met the definition of Sepsis-3; 50.4% of the 113 patients met the definition of septic shock. Most patients (66.3%) were less than 6 years old, and 52.2% were male. Eight-five patients (75.2%) had underlying comorbidities. The respiratory system was the most common primary site of infection (57.5%). Bacterial and viral infections were the most common infectious etiology with reported rates of 29.2 and 21.2%, respectively. The median duration of PICU stay was 8 days and the 28-day PICU mortality rate was 23.9%. A Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) Score greater than four and a pre-existing percutaneous central venous catheter were associated with a significant increase in mortality, with adjusted odds ratios of 3.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.30-9.93) and 9.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.28-67.29), respectively.
Conclusions: The incidence of sepsis in our institution is comparable to that reported internationally; however, the mortality rate is higher than that of developed countries. Nationwide studies identifying sepsis epidemiology are needed to improve the outcome of pediatric sepsis. Following international guidelines for central-line insertion and maintenance is of paramount importance.
Keywords: Critical care; Mortality; Pediatrics; Sepsis, intensive care units; Septic shock.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Similar articles
-
Adaptation and Validation of a Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score and Evaluation of the Sepsis-3 Definitions in Critically Ill Children.JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Oct 2;171(10):e172352. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.2352. Epub 2017 Oct 2. JAMA Pediatr. 2017. PMID: 28783810 Free PMC article.
-
Association between platelet count and multiorgan dysfunction and outcomes in patients with sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit in Saudi Arabia.J Infect Public Health. 2021 Nov;14(11):1585-1589. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.09.012. Epub 2021 Sep 20. J Infect Public Health. 2021. PMID: 34627055
-
[Clinical study on sepsis in 2 pediatric intensive care units in Beijing].Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Mar;50(3):178-83. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012. PMID: 22801197 Chinese.
-
Developing a New Definition and Assessing New Clinical Criteria for Septic Shock: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):775-87. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.0289. JAMA. 2016. PMID: 26903336 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Recent advances in sepsis and septic shock.Indian J Pediatr. 2008 Aug;75(8):821-30. doi: 10.1007/s12098-008-0154-y. Epub 2008 Sep 4. Indian J Pediatr. 2008. PMID: 18769894 Review.
Cited by
-
Mortality Rate and Risk Factors in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Imam Hossein Children's Hospital in Isfahan: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.Adv Biomed Res. 2023 Apr 25;12:92. doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_371_21. eCollection 2023. Adv Biomed Res. 2023. PMID: 37288019 Free PMC article.
-
Pediatric sepsis diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers: pancreatic stone protein, copeptin, and apolipoprotein A-V.Pediatr Res. 2023 Aug;94(2):668-675. doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02499-0. Epub 2023 Feb 8. Pediatr Res. 2023. PMID: 36755189 Free PMC article.
-
Automated digital technologies for supporting sepsis prediction in children: a scoping review protocol.BMJ Open. 2022 Nov 22;12(11):e065429. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065429. BMJ Open. 2022. PMID: 36414283 Free PMC article.
-
The Correlation Between Mechanical Ventilation Duration, Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score, and Blood Lactate Level in Children in Pediatric Intensive Care.Front Pediatr. 2022 Mar 14;10:767690. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.767690. eCollection 2022. Front Pediatr. 2022. PMID: 35372151 Free PMC article.
-
Critically Ill Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Difficult-to-treat Population.Indian J Crit Care Med. 2021 Oct;25(10):1091-1092. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24017. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2021. PMID: 34916739 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, Dellinger RP, Fein AM, Knaus WA, Schein RM, Sibbald WJ. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM consensus conference committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest. 1992;101(6):1644–1655. doi: 10.1378/chest.101.6.1644. - DOI - PubMed
-
- Liu L, Johnson HL, Cousens S, Perin J, Scott S, Lawn JE, Rudan I, Campbell H, Cibulskis R, Li M, Mathers C, Black RE. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000. Lancet. 2012;379(9832):2151–2161. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60560-1. - DOI - PubMed
-
- Weiss SL, Fitzgerald JC, Pappachan J, Wheeler D, Jaramillo-Bustamante JC, Salloo A, Singhi SC, Erickson S, Roy JA, Bush JL, Nadkarni VM, Thomas NJ, Sepsis Prevalence, Outcomes, and Therapies (SPROUT) Study Investigators and Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network Global epidemiology of pediatric severe sepsis: the sepsis prevalence, outcomes, and therapies study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(10):1147–1157. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201412-2323OC. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous